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Environmental Controls on CO2 Exchange along a Salinity Gradient in a Saline Boreal Fen in the Athabasca Oil Sands Region

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Abstract

Understanding the controls on carbon dioxide (CO2) exchange within saline boreal fens, appropriate natural analogs for landscape reclamation in areas affected by salinization in the Athabasca Oil Sands Region, can provide insights into the biogeochemical and carbon sink functioning of constructed wetlands under saline conditions. Hence, this study aims to assess net ecosystem exchange (NEE), ecosystem respiration (R), and gross ecosystem productivity (GEP) of peatland and open-water areas within a saline boreal fen near Fort McMurray (Alberta, Canada) to determine environmental controls on CO2 fluxes using community-scale CO2 measurements along a salinity gradient. Strong positive correlations between NEE, GEP, leaf area index within peatland, and between GEP and vegetation density within open-water areas (ponds) were observed, demonstrating the importance of vegetation properties for carbon uptake. Strong negative correlations were found between NEE, GEP, R and water table depth and electrical conductivity within peatland. In contrast, GEP and R were positively correlated with phosphate concentrations in ponds, and electrical conductivity had no effect on CO2 fluxes within ponds. In peatlands, links between CO2 exchange and environmental factors were influenced by microtopography, and complex relationships between NEE, GEP, R and environmental variables were observed within depressions.

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Acknowledgements

We wish to thank Adam Green, Corey Wells, George Sutherland, Eric Kessel, Dr. Scott Ketcheson, Matthew Elmes, Kate Jamieson, Greg Carron, Tristan Gingras-Hill, and Volodymyr Sivkov for help with field work; Kishari Sooriya Arachchilage (Western Ag Innovations Inc., Saskatoon, Canada) for help with PRS Probes; Vito Lam for chemical analyses. Funding provided by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada, Collaborative Research and Development Program, co-funded by Suncor, Energy Inc., Imperial Oil Resources Limited and Shell Canada Energy (Price, Petrone); NSERC Discovery Grant Program (Petrone, Price); NSERC Northern Supplement (Petrone); and Northern Studies Training Program (Volik).

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  1. Department of Geography and Environmental Management, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave W, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada

    Olena Volik, Richard M. Petrone, Meaghan Quanz, Merrin L. Macrae & Jonathan S. Price

  2. Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave W, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada

    Rebecca Rooney

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Volik, O., Petrone, R.M., Quanz, M. et al. Environmental Controls on CO2 Exchange along a Salinity Gradient in a Saline Boreal Fen in the Athabasca Oil Sands Region. Wetlands 40, 1353–1366 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13157-019-01257-5

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