Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Noncontact stress measurement technique for concrete structure using photoluminescence piezospectroscopy

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Journal of Civil Structural Health Monitoring Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Photoluminescence piezospectroscopy (PLPS) is a laser-based noncontact and nondestructive stress measurement technique but has not been studied extensively in the field of civil structural health monitoring. Using the PLPS technique, the stress level can be measured by emitting a laser source onto a target’s surface. In this study, PLPS was attempted for noncontact stress measurement of concrete. Alumina is one of the chemical components of Portland cement, and is a highly sensitive material for PLPS. Therefore, alumina in concrete can be used as a passive stress sensor by PLPS. To investigate the spectral detectability at different alumina rates, cement mortar specimens were prepared with increasing concentrations of additional alumina. It was determined that spectral detectability increases with increasing alumina concentration. Then, uniaxial compression tests were conducted to investigate the relationship between stress level and spectral shifts. It was ascertained that compressive stress and spectral shifts have a negative linear relationship. Then, the effective piezospectroscopic coefficients were calculated to be − 0.1574 cm−1/MPa and − 0.1468 cm−1/MPa for the R1 and R2 bands, respectively. The experimental results reveal that application of PLPS to concrete can provide essential information for structural health monitoring and allow for preventive measures to be taken before collapse of cement structures.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Grosse CU, Gehlen C, Glaser SD (2007) Sensing methods in civil engineering for an efficient construction management. Advances in construction materials 2007. Springer, Berlin, pp 549–561

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  2. Sun M, Staszewski WJ, Swamy RN (2010) Smart sensing technologies for structural health monitoring of civil engineering structures. Adv Civ Eng 2010:1–13. https://doi.org/10.1155/2010/724962

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Soga K, Schooling J (2016) Infrastructure sensing. Interface Focus. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsfs.2016.0023

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Spencer BF, Cho S (2011) Wireless smart sensor technology for monitoring civil infrastructure: technological developments and full-scale applications. In: Proceedings of the 2011 world congress on advances in structural engineering and mechanics (ASEM’11), pp 4277–4304

  5. Lau KT (2003) Fibre-optic sensors and smart composites for concrete applications. Mag Concr Res 55:19–34. https://doi.org/10.1680/macr.2003.55.1.19

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Singh AK, Berggren S, Zhu Y et al (2017) Simultaneous strain and temperature measurement using a single fiber Bragg grating embedded in a composite laminate. Smart Mater Struct 26:1–10. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-665X/aa91ab

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Forbes B, Vlachopoulos N, Hyett AJ (2018) The application of distributed optical strain sensing to measure the strain distribution of ground support members. Facets 3:195–226. https://doi.org/10.1139/facets-2017-0093

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Tjin SC, Wang Y, Sun X et al (2002) Application of quasi-distributed fibre Bragg grating sensors in reinforced concrete structures. Meas Sci Technol 13:583–589. https://doi.org/10.1088/0957-0233/13/4/322

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Davis MA, Bellemore DG, Kersey AD (1997) Distributed fiber Bragg grating strain sensing in reinforced concrete structural components. Cem Concr Compos 19:45–57

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Lai J, Qiu J, Fan H et al (2016) Fiber Bragg grating sensors-based in situ monitoring and safety assessment of loess tunnel. J Sens 2016:1–10. https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/8658290

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Li DS, Ren L, Li HN, Song GB (2012) Structural health monitoring of a tall building during construction with fiber Bragg grating sensors. Int J Distrib Sens Netw 2012:1–10. https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/272190

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Alexakis H, Lau FDH, DeJong MJ (2021) Fibre optic sensing of ageing railway infrastructure enhanced with statistical shape analysis. J Civ Struct Health Monit 11:49–67. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13349-020-00437-w

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Rana S, Subramani P, Fangueiro R, Correia AG (2016) A review on smart self-sensing composite materials for civil engineering applications. AIMS Mater Sci 3:357–379. https://doi.org/10.3934/matersci.2016.2.357

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Azhari F, Banthia N (2012) Cement-based sensors with carbon fibers and carbon nanotubes for piezoresistive sensing. Cem Concr Compos 34:866–873. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2012.04.007

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Wen S, Chung DDL (2006) Self-sensing of flexural damage and strain in carbon fiber reinforced cement and effect of embedded steel reinforcing bars. Carbon N Y 44:1496–1502. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2005.12.009

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Ding Y, Liu G, Hussain A et al (2019) Effect of steel fiber and carbon black on the self-sensing ability of concrete cracks under bending. Constr Build Mater 207:630–639. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.02.160

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Schumacher T, Thostenson ET (2014) Development of structural carbon nanotube-based sensing composites for concrete structures. J Intell Mater Syst Struct 25:1331–1339. https://doi.org/10.1177/1045389X13505252

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Han B, Yu X, Zhang K et al (2011) Sensing properties of CNT-filled cement-based stress sensors. J Civ Struct Health Monit 1:17–24. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13349-010-0001-5

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Chung DDL (2002) Piezoresistive cement-based materials for strain sensing. J Intell Mater Syst Struct 13:599–609. https://doi.org/10.1106/104538902031861

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Kang MS, Lee H, Yim HJ et al (2018) Multi-channel electrical impedance-based crack localization of fiber-reinforced cementitious composites under bending conditions. Appl Sci 8:1–12. https://doi.org/10.3390/app8122582

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Olivera J, González M, Fuente JV et al (2014) An embedded stress sensor for concrete SHM based on amorphous ferromagnetic microwires. Sensors (Switzerland) 14:19963–19978. https://doi.org/10.3390/s141119963

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Lipkin DM, Clarke DR (1996) Measurement of the stress in oxide scales formed by oxidation of alumina-forming alloys. Oxid Met 45:267–280. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01046985

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Grabner L (1978) Spectroscopic technique for the measurement of residual stress in sintered Al2O3. J Appl Phys 49:580–583. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.324682

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. He J, Clarke DR (1995) Determination of the piezospectroscopic coefficients for chromium-doped sapphire. J Am Ceram Soc 78:1347–1353

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Sergo V, Clarke DR, Pompe W (1995) Deformation bands in ceria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia/alumina: I, measurement of internal stresses. J Am Ceram Soc 78:633–640

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Morain CO, McGuigan KG, Henry MO, Campion JD (1992) A simple apparatus for uniaxial piezo-spectroscopic measurements. Meas Sci Technol 3:337–339

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Ma Q, Clarke DR (1994) Piezospectroscopic determination of residual stresses in polycrystalline alumina. J Am Ceram Soc 77:298–302. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.1994.tb06996.x

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Ager JW, Drory MD (1993) Quantitative measurement of residual biaxial stress by Raman spectroscopy in diamond grown on a Ti alloy by chemical vapor deposition. Phys Rev B 48:2601–2607. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.48.2601

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Zhao X, Xiao P (2006) Residual stresses in thermal barrier coatings measured by photoluminescence piezospectroscopy and indentation technique. Surf Coat Technol 201:1124–1131. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2006.01.035

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Lima CRC, Dosta S, Guilemany JM, Clarke DR (2017) The application of photoluminescence piezospectroscopy for residual stresses measurement in thermally sprayed TBCs. Surf Coat Technol 318:147–156. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2016.07.084

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Zhao Y, Ma C, Huang F et al (2013) Residual stress inspection by Eu3+ photoluminescence piezo-spectroscopy: an application in thermal barrier coatings. J Appl Phys 114:1–5. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4818500

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Schlichting KW, Vaidyanathan K, Sohn YH et al (2000) Application of Cr3+ photoluminescence piezo-spectroscopy to plasma-sprayed thermal barrier coatings for residual stress measurement. Mater Sci Eng A 291:68–77. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0921-5093(00)00973-4

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Pezzotti G, Sergo V, Ota K et al (1996) Residual stresses and apparent strengthening in ceramic-matrix nanocomposites. J Ceram Soc Jpn 104:1

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Choi S, Griffin B (2016) Local residual stress monitoring of AlN MEMS using UV micro-Raman spectroscopy. J Micromech Microeng 26:1–4

    Google Scholar 

  35. Pezzotti G (2007) Interfacial residual stresses in semiconductor devices measured on the nano-scale by cathodoluminescence piezospectroscopy. Solid State Phenom 127:123–128. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/SSP.127.123

  36. Beinert AJ, Büchler A, Romer P et al (2019) Enabling the measurement of thermomechanical stress in solar cells and PV modules by confocal micro-Raman spectroscopy. Sol Energy Mater Sol Cells 193:351–360. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solmat.2019.01.028

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. Gell M, Sridharan S, Wen M, Jordan EH (2004) Photoluminescence piezospectrscopy: a multi-purpose quality control and NDI technique for thermal barrier coatings. Int J Appl Ceram Technol 1:316–329

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. Sohn YH, Schlichting K, Vaidyanathan K et al (2000) Nondestructive evaluation of residual stress for thermal barrier coated turbine blades by Cr3+ photoluminescence piezospectroscopy. Metall Mater Trans A Phys Metall Mater Sci 31:2388–2391. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-000-0156-5

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. Kim N, Yun HB (2018) Noncontact mobile sensing for absolute stress in rail using photoluminescence piezospectroscopy. Struct Health Monit 17:1213–1224. https://doi.org/10.1177/1475921717742102

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. Sadowski Ł, Mathia TG (2016) Multi-scale metrology of concrete surface morphology: fundamentals and specificity. Constr Build Mater 113:613–621. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.03.099

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. Dipika G, Kaaviya S, Kavitha KS, Indhumathi S (2019) Exploratory study on photo luminescence induced concrete. Int J Civ Eng Technol 10:622–628

    Google Scholar 

  42. De Wolf I (1996) Micro-Raman spectroscopy to study local mechanical stress in silicon integrated circuits. Semicond Sci Technol 11:139–154. https://doi.org/10.1088/0268-1242/11/2/001

    Article  Google Scholar 

  43. Pardo JA, Merino RI, Orera VM et al (2000) Piezospectroscopic study of residual stresses in Al2O3-ZrO2 directionally solidified eutectics. J Am Ceram Soc 83:2745–2752

    Article  Google Scholar 

  44. Massey MJ, Baier U, Merlin R, Weber WH (1990) Effects of pressure and isotopic substitution on the Raman spectrum of alpha-Fe2O3: identification of two-magnon scattering. Phys Rev B 41:7822–7827. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.41.7822

    Article  Google Scholar 

  45. Wei D, Chen S, Liu Q (2015) Review of fluorescence suppression techniques in Raman spectroscopy. Appl Spectrosc Rev 50:387–406. https://doi.org/10.1080/05704928.2014.999936

    Article  Google Scholar 

  46. ASTM International (2016) ASTM Standard C109/C109M-5. Standard test method for compressive strength of hydraulic cement mortars, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA. https://doi.org/10.1520/C0109_C0109M-20B, www.astm.org

  47. Sumitomo Chemical Co (2015) Product databook—high purity alumina (HPA). Sumitomo Chemical Co., Tokyo

    Google Scholar 

  48. Thompson WJ (1993) Numerous neat algorithms for the voigt profile function. Comput Phys 7:627. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4823236

    Article  Google Scholar 

  49. Jaishankar P, Karthikeyan C (2017) Characteristics of cement concrete with nano alumina particles. In: IOP conference series: earth and environmental science, vol 80, pp 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/80/1/012005

Download references

Acknowledgements

This research was supported by a Grant (19CTAP-C143291-02) from Infrastructure and Transportation Technology Promotion Research Program funded by Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport of Korean government.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Structural Research, Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology (KICT), Goyang, 10223, Republic of Korea

    Namgyu Kim

  2. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea

    Jong-Jae Lee

Authors
  1. Namgyu Kim
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Jong-Jae Lee
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jong-Jae Lee.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Kim, N., Lee, JJ. Noncontact stress measurement technique for concrete structure using photoluminescence piezospectroscopy. J Civil Struct Health Monit 11, 1189–1200 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13349-021-00501-z

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13349-021-00501-z

Keywords

Search

Navigation