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NF-κB signaling in cancer stem cells: a promising therapeutic target?

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Abstract

Background

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are regulated by several signaling pathways that ultimately control their maintenance and expansion. NF-κB (nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells) forms a protein complex that controls DNA transcription and, as such, plays an important role in proliferation, inflammation, angiogenesis, invasion and metastasis. The NF-κB signaling pathway, which has been found to be constitutively activated in CSCs from a variety of cancers, participates in the maintenance, expansion, proliferation and survival of CSCs. Targeted disruption of this pathway may profoundly impair the adverse phenotype of CSCs and may provide a therapeutic opportunity to remove the CSC fraction. In particular, it may be attractive to use specific NF-κB inhibitors in chronic therapeutic schemes to reduce disease progression. Exceptional low toxicity profiles of these inhibitors are a prerequisite for use in combined treatment regimens and to avoid resistance.

Conclusion

Although still preliminary, recent evidence shows that such targeted strategies may be useful in adjuvant chemo-preventive settings.

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Acknowledgments

The work at Jorge Melendez-Zajgla laboratory was funded by CONACyT grant 132931.

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The authors declare that they have no competing interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Epigenetics Laboratory, National Institute of Genomic Medicine, Periferico Sur 4809, Arenal Tepepan, Tlalpan, Mexico City, 14610, Mexico

    K. Vazquez-Santillan, L. Jimenez-Hernandez & V. Maldonado

  2. Functional Cancer Genomics laboratory, National Institute of Genomic Medicine, Periferico Sur 4809, Arenal Tepepan, Tlalpan, Mexico, Mexico City, 14610, Mexico

    J. Melendez-Zajgla & G. Martínez-Ruiz

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  1. K. Vazquez-Santillan
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Vazquez-Santillan, K., Melendez-Zajgla, J., Jimenez-Hernandez, L. et al. NF-κB signaling in cancer stem cells: a promising therapeutic target?. Cell Oncol. 38, 327–339 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13402-015-0236-6

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