Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Bearing Capacity of Surface Footings on Reinforced Sandy Bed: A Revised Regression Model

  • Technical Note
  • Published:
Indian Geotechnical Journal Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This paper pertains to the development of a revised regression modeling approach to assess the bearing capacity of surface footings resting on reinforced sandy bed. Analyses of extensive dataset comprising results of 41 tests are analyzed with the aid of two existing theories that are based on observational and statistical approach. The analyses revealed that multivariable linear regression estimate proposed by one of the theories is inadequate to capture the variability of the dataset, while the other is restrictive in its usage due to the strict boundary constraints imposed on the range of the various parameters affecting the bearing capacity of reinforced foundation bed. Hence, a refined linear and nonlinear regression analysis is carried out in the present study to suggest an improvised expression for determining the load-distribution angle within a sandy ground embedded with reinforcements. Parameters that are likely to affect the behavior of reinforced sandy ground (but are unaccounted in earlier approaches) are taken into consideration in the present study. The proposed regression expression and the adopted approach resulted in very encouraging predictions. A sensitivity analysis is also carried out in order to determine the measure of importance of the parameters toward the outcome of the model. It is found that along with relative depth and numbers of layers of reinforcement, the angle of internal friction of soil significantly influence the sensitivity of the system, while the unit weight of soil, tensile strength and covering ratio of reinforcement have moderate influence. Relative length of reinforcement is found to have minor influence.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14
Fig. 15
Fig. 16
Fig. 17

Data Availability

Some or all data, models or code that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

References

  1. Binquet J, Lee KL (1975) Bearing capacity tests on reinforced earth slabs. J Geotech Eng Div 101(GT12):1241–1255

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Fragaszy RJ, Lawton E (1984) Bearing capacity of reinforced sand subgrades. J Geotech Eng Div 110(10):1500–1511

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Guido VA, Biesiadecki GL, Sullivan MJ (1985) Bearing capacity of geotextile reinforced foundation. Proceedings of the 11th INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SOIL MECHANICS AND FOUNDATION ENGINEERINg, San Francisco, U.S.A.: 1777–1780

  4. Guido VA, Chang DK, Sweeney MA (1986) Comparison of geogrid and geotextile reinforced earth. Can Geotech J 23:435–440

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Dembicki E, Jermolowicz P, Niemunis A (1986) Bearing capacity of strip foundation on soft soil reinforced by geotextile. In: Proceedings of the third international conference on geotextiles, Vienna, Austria: 205–208

  6. Jewell RA (1996) Soil reinforcement with geotextiles. CIRIA, London

    Google Scholar 

  7. Guido VA, Knueppel JD, Sweeney MA (1987) Plate load tests on geogrid reinforced earth slabs. In: Geosynthetics conference, New Orleans, U.S.A.: 216–225

  8. Khing KH, Das BM, Yen SC, Puri VK, Cook EE (1992) Interference effect of two closely spaced shallow strip foundations on geogrid-reinforced sand. Geotech Geol Eng 10:257–271

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Khing KH, Das BM, Puri VK, Cook EE, Yen SC (1993) The bearing capacity of a strip foundation on geogrid-reinforced sand. Geotextile Geomembran 12:351–361

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Mandal JN, Sah HS (1992) Bearing capacity tests on geogrid-reinforced clay. Geotext Geomembran 11:327–333

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Yetimoglu T, Wu JTH, Saglamer A (1994) Bearing capacity of rectangular footings on geogrid-reinforced sand. J Geotech Eng Div 120(12):2083–2099

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Adams MT, Collin JG (1997) Large model spread footing load tests on geosynthetic reinforced soil foundations. J Geotech Geoenviron Eng 123(1):66–72

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Sitharam TG, Sireesh S (2004) Model studies of embedded circular footing on geogrid reinforced sand beds. Ground Improvement 8(2):69–75

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Patra CR, Das BM, Atalar C (2005) Bearing capacity of embedded strip foundation on geogrid reinforced sand. Geotext Geomembr 23:454–462

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Akinmusuru JO, Akinbolade JA (1981) Stability of loaded footings on reinforced soil. J Geotech Eng Div 107(GT6):819–827

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Huang CC, Tatsuoka F (1990) Bearing capacity of reinforced horizontal sandy ground. Geotextile Geomembran 9:51–82

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Soleimanbeigi A, Hataf N (2005) Modeling nonlinear elastic behavior of reinforced soil using artificial neural networks. Appl Soft Comput 9:954–961

    Google Scholar 

  18. He S, Li J (2009) Predicting ultimate bearing capacity of shallow foundations on reinforced cohesionless soils using artificial neural networks. Geosynth Int 12(6):321–332

    Google Scholar 

  19. Raja MNA, Shukla SK (2021) Multivariate adaptive regression splines model for reinforced soil foundations. Geosynth Int. https://doi.org/10.1680/jgein.20.00049

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Michalowski RL (2004) Limit loads on reinforced foundation soils. J Geotech Geoenviron Eng 130(4):381–390

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Huang CC, Menq FY (1997) Deep footing and wide slab effects in reinforced sandy ground. J Geotech Geoenviron Eng 123(1):30–36

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Huang CC, Hong LL (2000) Ultimate bearing capacity and settlement of footings on reinforced sandy ground. Soils Found Jpn Geotech Soc 40(5):65–73

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Takemura J, Okamura M, Suesmasa N, Kimura T (1992) Bearing capacity and deformations of sand reinforced with geogrids. In: Proceedings of the earth reinforcement practice, Balkema, Fukuoka, Kyushu, Japan: 695–700

  24. Huang CC, Tatsuoka F (1988) Prediction of bearing capacity in level sandy ground reinforced with strip reinforcement. In: International geotechnical symposium on theory and practice of earth reinforcement, Fukuoka, Japan: 191–196

  25. Ju JW, Son SJ, Kim JY, Jung IG (1996) Bearing capacity of sand foundation reinforced by geonet. In: Proceedings of the international symposium of earth reinforcement, Fukuoka, Kyushu, Japan: 603–608

  26. Wadsworth HM (1998) Handbook of statistical methods for engineers and scientists. McGraw Hill, New York

    Google Scholar 

  27. Rousseeow PJ (1998) Robust estimation and identifying outliers. In: Wadsworth (ed) Handbook of statistical methods for engineers and scientists. McGraw Hill, New York

    Google Scholar 

  28. Schlosser F, Jacobsen HM, Juran I (1983) Soil reinforcement. In: Proceedings of the 8th European conference of soil mechanics and foundation engineering, Helsinki, Finland, Specialty Session 5, 3:1159–1180

  29. Saltelli A, Chan K, Scott EM (2000) Sensitivity Analysis. Wiley Series in Probability and Statistics, John Wiley and Sons, U.S.A.

  30. Saltelli A, Bolado R (1998) An alternative way to compute Fourier amplitude sensitivity test. Comput Stat Data Anal 26:445–460

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Saltelli A, Tarantola S, Chan PS (1999) A Quantitative model-independent method for global sensitivity analysis of model output. Technometrics 41:39–56

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Funding

No funding had been received to conduct this study.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India

    Arindam Dey

  2. Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 208016, India

    Prabir Kumar Basudhar

Authors
  1. Arindam Dey
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Prabir Kumar Basudhar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Arindam Dey.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

On behalf of all authors, the corresponding author states that there is no conflict of interest.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Dey, A., Basudhar, P.K. Bearing Capacity of Surface Footings on Reinforced Sandy Bed: A Revised Regression Model. Indian Geotech J 52, 448–462 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40098-021-00572-1

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40098-021-00572-1

Keywords

Search

Navigation