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Differential response of Trichloris ecotypes from different habitats to drought and salt stress

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Abstract

Native plant genetic resources have evolved from long processes of natural selection and adaptation to specific environments, and have developed tolerance to various stresses prevailing in their natural habitats via adaptive morphophysiological features. The associations between environmental stress conditions (aridity degree and salinity) prevailing in the original habitat of Argentine native Trichloris species (T. crinita and T. pluriflora) and various biometric and physiological traits were evaluated. Trials were carried out in hydroponics in a growth chamber. Components of initial plant growth, oxidative stress expression and antioxidant activity under drought and salt stress were measured in ecotypes of both species, as well as Na+ and K+ leaf tissue concentration and excretion rates under salinity. Ecotypes from arid and semiarid origin of both species had higher drought tolerance. Regarding salt stress, T. crinita ecotype from alkali soil showed stimulated growth under salinity and an ecotype from saline soil kept high root and shoot biomass production. Although the ecotypes of T. pluriflora were not significantly salt-sensitive, none stood out. Many active salt glands on the abaxial leaf surface, high Na/K excretion ratio and high leaf tissue concentration of sodium were found for salt-tolerant ecotypes. This study identified ecotypes with tolerance to prevailing stressful conditions of natural habitat of native forage species to be introduced to plant breeding programmes for restorations purposes. Trichloris pluriflora is an unexplored genetic resource for semiarid rangeland, thus this study is the first report of drought tolerant ecotypes.

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Acknowledgements

Funding was provided by the CAI+D 2016 project of the Universidad Nacional del Litoral, and by the PICTO 2014 project “Native forage species for silvopastoral systems of the Argentinian Parque Chaqueño”, supported by the Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica (ANPCyT). Doctoral and postdoctoral studies of L.M. and G.A.R. were supported by scholarships granted by the Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET).

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  1. Programa de Documentación, Conservación y Valoración de la Flora Nativa, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Kreder 2805, 3080, Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina

    Lorena del R. Marinoni, Geraldina A. Richard, José F. Pensiero & Juan M. Zabala

  2. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Lorena del R. Marinoni, Geraldina A. Richard, Edith L. Taleisnik & José F. Pensiero

  3. Instituto de Fisiología y Recursos Genéticos Vegetales, Centro de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (IFRGV-CIAP), INTA, Camino a 60 cuadras Km 5.5, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina

    Dolores Bustos & Edith L. Taleisnik

  4. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Católica de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina

    Edith L. Taleisnik

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  1. Lorena del R. Marinoni
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Marinoni, L.R., Richard, G.A., Bustos, D. et al. Differential response of Trichloris ecotypes from different habitats to drought and salt stress. Theor. Exp. Plant Physiol. 32, 213–229 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40626-020-00182-x

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