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Gastrointestinal Dysmotility and the Implications for Respiratory Disease

  • Pulmonary (RP Boesch, Section Editor)
  • Published:
Current Treatment Options in Pediatrics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose of the review

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is frequently implicated as a cause for respiratory disease. However, there is growing evidence that upper gastrointestinal dysmotility may play a significantly larger role in genesis of respiratory symptoms and development of underlying pulmonary pathology. This paper will discuss the differential diagnosis for esophageal and gastric dysmotility in aerodigestive patients and will review the key diagnostic and therapeutic interventions for this dysmotility.

Recent findings

Previous studies have shown an association between GERD and pulmonary pathology in children with aerodigestive disorders. Recent publications have demonstrated the presence of esophageal and gastric dysfunction, using fluoroscopic and nuclear medicine studies, in aerodigestive patients who commonly present to pulmonary and otolaryngology clinics. High-resolution impedance manometry (HRIM) has revolutionized our understanding of esophageal dysmotility and its role in pathogenesis of aspiration and esophageal dysfunction and subsequent respiratory compromise.

Summary

Esophageal and gastric dysmotility have a profound effect on development of respiratory symptoms and pulmonary sequalae in aerodigestive patients. However, our understanding of the pathophysiology is in its infancy. Prospective studies are needed to address key clinical questions such as: What degree of dysmotility initiates respiratory compromise? What diagnostic tests and therapeutic options best predict aerodigestive outcomes?

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Gastroenterology, Seattle Children’s Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA

    Lusine Ambartsumyan MD

  2. Center for Motility and Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders, Division of Gastroenterology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA

    Samuel Nurko MD, MPH & Rachel Rosen MD, MPH

  3. Aerodigestive Center, Division of Gastroenterology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA

    Rachel Rosen MD, MPH

  4. Division of Gastroenterology, Boston Children’s Hospital, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA

    Rachel Rosen MD, MPH

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  1. Lusine Ambartsumyan MD
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  3. Rachel Rosen MD, MPH
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Correspondence to Rachel Rosen MD, MPH.

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Ambartsumyan, L., Nurko, S. & Rosen, R. Gastrointestinal Dysmotility and the Implications for Respiratory Disease. Curr Treat Options Peds 5, 197–214 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40746-019-00158-3

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