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Geochemical processes of groundwater for drinking purposes in Dharwar craton of Mallampalli area, Telangana, South India

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Abstract

The goal of this study was to determine the groundwater chemistry to assess its quality and determine geochemical differences due to geological and hydrogeological conditions. Groundwater samples from forty different wells were analysed. According to hydrochemical data, the groundwater in the research region is somewhat alkaline in character and is classed as non-potable due to high EC and TDS values. Cations, anions is in the order of Na+ > Mg2+ > Ca2+ > K+ and Cl− > HCO3− > SO4− > NO3− > F−, respectively. The dominant hydrochemical facies of groundwater is Na+–Cl− type; Mg2+ HCO3− type; Ca2+–Cl− types and mixed type i.e. no cation and anion exceeds fifty percent. The groundwater chemistry in the studied area appears to be controlled by rock weathering, according to geochemical relationships. Because to point and non-point sources, nitrates exceeded allowed limits of 45 mg/L in 80% of total groundwater samples. According to the Schoeller Index, the study area is dominated by cation–anion exchange and base–exchange processes. Groundwater samples fall into the water–rock interaction zone in Gibbs plot. Seventy-five percent of ions in the research region contribute to ground water contamination, according to factor analysis. Groundwater samples fall into the water–rock interaction field in Gibbs plot. Non-ionic and ionic concentrations in the research area are deciphered using spatial variation maps. As a result, it is concluded that natural geology and anthropogenic acclimatisation govern groundwater quality in the studied area.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Geology, Kakatiya University, Warangal, Telangana, 506009, India

    Kandukuri Saikrishna & Ragi Mallikarjuna Reddy

  2. CSIR-National Geophysical Research Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India

    Dasu Purushotham & Nagula Krishna

  3. Department of Geology, Yogi Vemana University, Kadapa, Andhra Pradesh, 516005, India

    Vangala Sunitha & Yengu Sudharshan Reddy

  4. Mineral Exploration Corporation Limited, Nagpur, Maharashtra, 440006, India

    Thallapalli Brahmaiah

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  1. Kandukuri Saikrishna
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  2. Dasu Purushotham
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  4. Ragi Mallikarjuna Reddy
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  5. Yengu Sudharshan Reddy
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The whole authors make a considerable input to this manuscript. SK, VS, and DP: wrote the major manuscript. YSR, RMR, NK, TB: engaged in drafting the manuscript; The whole authors discussed the results and implication of the manuscript at every phases.

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Correspondence to Vangala Sunitha.

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Saikrishna, K., Purushotham, D., Sunitha, V. et al. Geochemical processes of groundwater for drinking purposes in Dharwar craton of Mallampalli area, Telangana, South India. Int J Energ Water Res 7, 15–28 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42108-021-00146-0

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