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Birth outcomes for Arabic-named women in California before and after September 11

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Demography

Abstract

Persons who were perceived to be Arabs experienced a period of increased harassment, violence, and workplace discrimination in the United States in the weeks immediately following September 11, 2001. Drawing on prior studies that have hypothesized that experiences of discrimination increase the risk of preterm birth and low birth weight, this study explores whether there was an effect on birth outcomes for pregnant women of Arab descent. California birth certificate data are used to determine the relative risk of poor birth outcomes by race, ethnicity, and nativity for women who gave birth in the six months following September 2001, compared with the same six calendar months one year earlier. The relative risk of poor birth outcomes was significantly elevated for Arabic-named women and not for any of the other groups.

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  1. Department of Health Studies, University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Avenue, MC 2007, 60637, Chicago, IL

    Diane S. Lauderdale

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  1. Diane S. Lauderdale
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The author thanks the Center for Health Statistics of the California Department of Health Services for access to the data. However, all analyses, interpretations, and conclusions are the author’s. The author also thanks Bert Kestenbaum of the Office of the Actuary, Social Security Administration, for developing name lists specifically for the requirements of these data, and Peter Morrison and Bert Kestenbaum for comments on an early draft of the article.

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Lauderdale, D.S. Birth outcomes for Arabic-named women in California before and after September 11. Demography 43, 185–201 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1353/dem.2006.0008

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