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Prorocentrum rivalis sp. nov. (Dinophyceae) and its phylogenetic affinities inferred from analysis of a mixed morphological and LSU rRNA data set

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Abstract

A new freshwater epiphytic Prorocentrum species, Prorocentrum rivalis, from the temperate region of the Haute-Vienne, France, is described. This species is the third freshwater species identified among approximately 60 marine Prorocentrum species. This new species is described using scanning electron microscope and phylogenetic analyses by a polyphasic approach (LSU rRNA sequences combined with 9 morphological characters). The phylogenetic analysis attests that P. rivalis is close to other planktonic freshwater species and the freshwater Prorocentrum clade is evolutionarily derived from an epiphytic freshwater prorocentroid ancestor. The unique marine species in the freshwater clade results from an ecophysiological reversion. P. rivalis differs from other epiphytic taxa by its rarity, its temperate distribution and its ecophysiological needs. The phylogeny confirms also that all planktonic Prorocentrum species are evolutionarily derived from epiphytic/benthic ancestors.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Botany and Cryptogamy, GRESE (Research Group on Water, Soil and the Environment) EA 4330, University of Limoges, 2 rue du Docteur Marcland, F-87025, Limoges, France

    David Delmail, Pascal Labrousse, Philippe Hourdin & Michel Botineau

  2. LEP (Laboratory of Deep Environments), DEEP (Department of Deep Ecosystems Studies), IFREMER Brest, BP70, F-29280, Plouzané, France

    Philippe Crassous

  3. LM2E (Laboratory of Microbiology of Extreme Environments), UMR 6197, IFREMER Brest, BP 70, F-29280, Plouzané, France

    Mathieu Guri

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  1. David Delmail
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  2. Pascal Labrousse
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  4. Philippe Hourdin
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  5. Mathieu Guri
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Correspondence to David Delmail.

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Delmail, D., Labrousse, P., Crassous, P. et al. Prorocentrum rivalis sp. nov. (Dinophyceae) and its phylogenetic affinities inferred from analysis of a mixed morphological and LSU rRNA data set. Biologia 66, 418–424 (2011). https://doi.org/10.2478/s11756-011-0029-y

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