Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Review: Intelligent Agents for Computer Games

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Computers and Games (CG 2000)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNCS,volume 2063))

Included in the following conference series:

Abstract

In modern computer games-like action, adventure, role-playing, strategy, simulation and sports games-artificial intelligence (AI) techniques play an important role. However, the requirements of such games are very different from those of the games normally studied in AI.

This article discusses which approaches and fields of research are relevant to achieve a sophisticated goal-directed behavior for modern computer games’nonplayer characters. It also presents a classification of approaches for autonomous agents and gives an overview of a solution developed in the Excalibur project.

Acknowledgments

The Excalibur project is supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG), Conitec Datensysteme GmbH, Cross Platform Research Germany (CPR) and NICOSIO. Thanks to Reijer Grimbergen for his suggestions on how to improve this paper.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. L. V. Allis, H. J. van den Herik, and M. P. H. Huntjens. Go-Moku Solved by New Search Techniques. In Proceedings of the 1993 AAAI Fall Symposium on Games: Planning and Learning, 1993.

    Google Scholar 

  2. P. Agre and D. Chapman. PENGI:An Implementation of a Theory of Activity. In Proceedings of the Sixth National Conference on Artificial Intelligence(AAAI87), 268–272, 1987.

    Google Scholar 

  3. A. L. Blum and M. L. Furst. Fast Planning Through Planning Graph Analysis. Artificial Intelligence 90: 281–300, 1997.

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  4. R. P. Bonasso, R. J. Firby, E. Gat, D. Kortenkamp, D. P. Miller, M. G. Slack. Experiences with an Architecture for Intelligent, Reactive Agents. Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Artificial Intelligence 9(1), 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  5. R. A. Brooks. A Robust Layered Control System for a Mobile Robot. IEEE Journal of Robotics and Automation RA-2 (1): 14–23, 1986.

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  6. C. Charla. Mind Games: the Rise and Rise of Artificial Intelligence. Next Generation November, 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  7. D. Coco. Creating Intelligent Creatures. Computer Graphics World, July, 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  8. E.W. Dijkstra. A note on two problems in connexion with graphs.Numerische Mathematik, 1: 269–271, 1959.

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  9. R. E. Fikes and N. Nilsson. STRIPS:A NewApproach to the Application of Theorem Proving to Problem Solving. Artificial Intelligence 5(2): 189–208, 1971.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. J. Funge, X. Tu, and D. Terzopoulos. Cognitive Modeling: Knowledge, Reasoning and Planning for Intelligent Characters. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques (SIGGRAPH’99), 29–38, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  11. T. Gard. Building Character. Gamasutra, http://www.gamasutra.com/features/20000720/gard 01.htm, June, 2000.

  12. R. Gasser. Solving Nine Men’s Morris. Computational Intelligence 12(1): 24–41, 1996.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. S. Grand, D. Cliff, and A. Malhotra. Creatures: Artificial Life Autonomous Software Agents for Home Entertainment. In Proceedings of the First International Conference onAutonomous Agents (Agents’97), 22–29, 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  14. P. E. Hart, N. J. Nilsson, and B. Raphael. A formal basis for the heuristic determination of minimum cost paths. IEEE Transactions on Systems Science and Cybernetics 4(2): 100–107, 1968.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. K. Hause. What to Play Next: Gaming Forecast, 1999-2003. Report #W21056, International Data Corporation, Framingham, Massachusetts, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  16. K. Isbister. Perceived Intelligence and the Design of Computer Characters. Lifelike Computer Characters (LCC’95), Snowbird, Utah, 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  17. H. Kautz and B. Selman. Planning as Satisfiability. In Proceedings of the Tenth European Conference on Artificial Intelligence (ECAI-92), 359–363, 1992.

    Google Scholar 

  18. H. Kautz and B. Selman. Pushing the Envelope: Planning, Propositional Logic, and Stochastic Search. In Proceedings of the Thirteenth National Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI-96), 1194–1201, 1996.

    Google Scholar 

  19. A. Nareyek. Structural Constraint Satisfaction. In Papers from the 1999 AAAI Workshop on Configuration, Technical Report, WS-99-05, 76–82. AAAI Press, Menlo Park, California, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  20. A. Nareyek. Applying Local Search to Structural Constraint Satisfaction. In Proceedings of the IJCAI-99Workshop on IntelligentWorkflow and Process Management: The New Frontier for AI in Business, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  21. A. Nareyek. Open World Planning as SCSP. In Papers from the AAAI-2000 Workshop on Constraints and AI Planning, Technical Report, WS-00-02, 35–46.AAAI Press, Menlo Park, California, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  22. A. Nareyek. Using Global Constraints for Local Search. In E. C. Freuder and R. J. Wallace (eds.), Constraint Programming and Large Scale Discrete Optimization, American Mathematical Society Publications, DIMACS Volume 57, 9–28, 2001

    Google Scholar 

  23. B. Pell, D. E. Bernard, S. A. Chien, E. Gat, N. Muscettola, P. P. Nayak, M. D. Wagner, and B. C. Williams. A Remote Agent Prototype for Spacecraft Autonomy. In Proceedings of the SPIE Conference on Optical Science, Engineering, and Instrumentation, 1996.

    Google Scholar 

  24. J. S. Penberthy and D. S. Weld. UCPOP: A Sound, Complete, Partial Order Planner for ADL. In Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Principles of Knowledge Representation and Reasoning (KR’92), 102–114, 1992.

    Google Scholar 

  25. A. S tern, A. Frank, and B. Resner. Virtual Petz:A Hybrid Approach to Creating Autonomous ] Lifelike Dogz and Catz. In Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Autonomous Agents (AGENTS98), 334–335, 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  26. A. Stern. AI Beyond Computer Games. AAAI Symposium on Computer Games and Artificial Intelligence, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  27. J. Weizenbaum. ELIZA-A Computer Program for the Study of Natural Language Communication between Man and Machine. Communications of the ACM 9(1): 36–45,1966.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. S. Woodcock. Game AI: The State of the Industry. Game Developer, August,2000.

    Google Scholar 

  29. M. Wooldridge, and N. R. Jennings. Intelligent Agents: Theory and Practice. The Knowledge Engineering Review 10(2): 115–152, 1995.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. GMD FIRST, Kekuléstr. 7, D-12489, Berlin, Germany

    Alexander Nareyek

Authors
  1. Alexander Nareyek
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Computer Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

    Tony Marsland

  2. Future University - Hakodate, Hakodate, Hokkaido, Japan

    Ian Frank

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2001 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this paper

Cite this paper

Nareyek, A. (2001). Review: Intelligent Agents for Computer Games. In: Marsland, T., Frank, I. (eds) Computers and Games. CG 2000. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 2063. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-45579-5_28

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-45579-5_28

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-43080-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-45579-0

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation