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Congenital Melanocytic Nevi and Associated Neoplasms, Congenital and Childhood Melanoma

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Pathology of Melanocytic Nevi and Malignant Melanoma

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Abstract

By definition, the term congenital nevus denotes presence at birth (1,2) (Table 6-1). However, congenital melanocytic nevi (CMN) are also defined by striking differences from common acquired nevi. In general, these differences include (a) overall size, (b) depth of involvement by nevus cells, (c) adnexal or vascular involvement, and (d) diversity of neurocristic differentiation (3). Most melanocytic nevi > 1.5 cm in diameter are probably congenital (1), if not acquired atypical (dysplastic) nevi or melanoma. However, smaller CMN may be indistinguishable from acquired nevi (2,4–6). Thus documentation at birth by reliable means such as physicians, parents, photography, or medical records is necessary to confirm a congenital onset for nevi > 1.5 cm. The larger CMN are distinctive because of their size (1,6–8). A small subset of nevi are remarkable for clinical and histologic features that are indistinguishable from typical CMN but are associated with an onset at several months to 2 years after birth. Such nevi have been termed congenital nevi tardive (9).

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  1. Raymond L. Barnhill
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Dermatology, George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, DC, 20037, USA

    Raymond L. Barnhill MD (Chair, Professor of Dermatology and Pathology) (Chair, Professor of Dermatology and Pathology)

  2. Division of Dermatology and Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA

    Michael Piepkorn MD, PhD (Clinical Professor) (Clinical Professor)

  3. Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10021, USA

    Klaus J. Busam MD (Associate Professor) (Associate Professor)

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Barnhill, R.L. (2004). Congenital Melanocytic Nevi and Associated Neoplasms, Congenital and Childhood Melanoma. In: Barnhill, R.L., Piepkorn, M., Busam, K.J. (eds) Pathology of Melanocytic Nevi and Malignant Melanoma. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-21619-5_6

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