Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Behavioral Approaches to Chronic Disease in Adolescence

Type 1 (formerly insulin-dependent or juvenile-onset) diabetes mellitus is a complex, chronic disease. The management of type 1 diabetes melliltus (T1DM) is especially challenging for adolescents, who consistently have been found to have problems with adherence and metabolic control (e.g., Anderson, Auslander, Jung, Miller, & Santiago, 1990; La Greca, Follansbee, & Skyler, 1990; La Greca, Auslander, et al., 1995).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • American Diabetes Association. (2005). Standards of medical care in diabetes. Diabetes Care, 28(S1), S4–S36.

    Google Scholar 

  • Anderson, B. J., Auslander, W. F., Jung, K. C., Miller, J. P., & Santiago, J. V. (1990). Assessing family sharing of diabetes responsibilities. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 15, 477–491.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Anderson, B. J., Brackett, J., Ho, J., & Laffel, L. M. B. (1999). An office-based intervention to maintain parent-adolescent teamwork in diabetes management: Impact on parent involvement, family conflict, and subsequent glycemic control. Diabetes Care, 22, 713–721.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Anderson, B. J., Vangsness, L., Connell, A., Butler, D., Goebel-Fabbri, A., & Laffel, L. M. (2002). Family conflict, adherence, and glycemic control in youth with short duration Type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Medicine, 19, 635–642.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Atkinson, M. A., & Eisenbarth, G. S. (2001). Type 1 diabetes: New perspectives on disease pathogenesis and treatment. The Lancet, 358, 221–228.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Auslander, W. F., Thompson, S. J., Dreitzer, D., White, N. H., & Santiago, J. V. (1997). Disparity in glycemic control and adherence between African-American and Caucasian youths with diabetes. Diabetes Care, 20, 1569–1575.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bloch, C. A., Clemons, P., & Sperling, M. A. (1987). Puberty decreases insulin sensitivity. Journal of Pediatrics, 110, 481–487.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Boardway, R. H., Delamater, A. M., Tomakowsky, J., & Gutai, J. P. (1993). Stress management training for adolescents with diabetes. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 18, 29–45.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Brownlee-Duffeck, M., Peterson, L., Simonds, J. F., Goldstein, D., Kilo, C., & Hoette, S. (1987). The role of health beliefs in the regimen adherence and metabolic control of adolescents and adults with diabetes mellitus. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 55, 139–144.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bryden, K. S., Neil, A., Mayou, R. A., Peveler, R. C., Fairburn, C. G., & Dunger, D. B. (1999). Eating habits, body weight, and insulin misuse: A longitudinal study of teenagers and young adults with type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Care, 22, 1956–1960.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Burroughs, T. E., Harris, M. A., Pontious, S. L., & Santiago, J. V. (1997). Research on social support in adolescents with IDDM: A critical review. The Diabetes Educator, 23, 438–448.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cauce, A. M., Reid, M., Landesman, S., & Gonzales, N. (1990). Social support in young children: Measurement, structure, and behavioral impact. In B. R. Sarason, I. G. Sarason, & G. R. Pierce (Eds.), Social support: An interactional view (pp. 64–94). New York: John Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Channon, S., Huws-Thomas, M. V., Rollncik, R., Hood, K., Cannings-John, R. L., Rogers, C., et al. (2007). A multicenter randomized controlled trial of motivational interviewing in teenagers with diabetes. Diabetes Care, 30(6), 1390–1395.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chong, J. W., Craig, M. E., Cameron, F. H., Clarke, C. F., Rodda, C. P., Donath, S. M., et al. (2007). Marked increase in type 1 diabetes mellitus incidence in children aged 0–14 yr in Victoria, Australia, from 1999 to 2002. Pediatric Diabetes, 8, 67–73.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Coffey, J. T., Brandle, M., Zhou, H., Marriott, D, Burke, R., Tabael, B. P., et al. (2002). Valuing health-related quality of life in diabetes. Diabetes Care, 25, 2238–2243.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • de Groot, M., Anderson, R., Freedland, K. E., Clause, R. E., & Lustman, P. J. (2001). Association of depression and diabetes complications: A meta-analysis. Psychosomatic Medicine, 63, 619–630.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Delamater, A. M., Albrecht, D. R., Postellon, D., & Gutai, J. (1991). Racial differences in metabolic control of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care, 14, 20–25.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • de Wit, M., Delemarre-Van de Waal, H. A., Bokma, J. A., Haasnoot, K., Houdijk, M. C., Gemke, R. J., et al. (2007). Self-report and parent-report of physical and psychosocial well-being in Dutch adolescents with type 1 diabetes in relation to glycemic control. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 5, 10–18.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Diabetes Control and Complications Trial Research Group. (1988). Weight gain associated with intensive therapy in the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial. Diabetes Care, 11, 567–573.

    Google Scholar 

  • Diabetes Control and Complications Trial Research Group. (1994). Effect of intensive diabetes treatment on the development and progression of long-term complications in adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: Diabetes Control and Complications Trial. Journal of Pediatrics, 125, 177–188.

    Google Scholar 

  • Drotar, D. (1995). Consulting with pediatricians: Psychological perspectives. New York: Plenum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Drotar, D. (2000). Promoting adherence to medical treatment in childhood chronic illness: Concepts, methods, and interventions. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ellis, D. A., Podolski, C. L., Frey, M. A., Naar-King, S., Wang, B., & Moltz, K. (2007). The role of parental monitoring in adolescent health outcomes: Impact on regimen adherence in youth with type 1 diabetes. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 32, 907–913.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Follansbee, D. S. (1989). Assuming responsibility for diabetes management: What age? What price? The Diabetes Educator, 15, 347–352.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Freund, A., Johnson, S., Silverstein, J., & Thomas, J. (1991). Assessing daily management of childhood diabetes using 24-hour recall interviews: Reliability and stability. Health Psychology, 10, 200–208.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gallego, P. H., Wiltshire, E., & Donaghue, K. C. (2007). Identifying children at particular risk of long-term diabetes complications. Pediatric Diabetes, 8(S6), 40–48.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gallegos-Macias, A. R., Macias, S. R., Kaufman, E., Skipper, B., & Kalishman, N. (2003). Relationship between glycemic control, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status in Hispanic and white non-Hispanic youths with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Pediatric Diabetes, 4, 19–23.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Glasgow, R. E., & Anderson, B. J. (1995). Future directions for research on pediatric chronic disease management: Lessons from diabetes. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 20, 389–402.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gonder-Frederick, L. A., Cox, D. J., & Ritterband, L. M. (2002). Diabetes and behavioral medicine: The second decade. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 70(3), 611–625.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Goran, M. L., & Gower, B. A. (2001). Longitudinal study on pubertal insulin resistance. Diabetes, 50, 2444–2450.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Greco, P., Pendley, J. S., McDonell, K., & Reeves, G. (2001). A peer group intervention for adolescents with type 1 diabetes and their best friends. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 26(8), 485–490.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Greening, L., Stoppelbein, L., Konishi, C., Jordan, S. S., & Moll, G. (2007). Child routines and youths’ adherence to treatment for type 1 diabetes. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 32, 437–447.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Grey, M., Boland, E. A., Davidson, M., Li, J., & Tamborlane, W. V. (2000). Coping skills training for youth with poorly controlled diabetes mellitus has long-lasting effects on metabolic control and quality of life. Journal of Pediatrics, 137, 107–113.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Grey, M., Boland, E. A., Davidson, M., Yu, C., Sullivan-Bolyai, S., & Tamborlane, W. V. (1998). Short-term effects of coping skills training as adjunct to intensive therapy in adolescents. Diabetes Care, 21, 902–908.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Grey, M., & Tamborlane, W. V. (2003). Teaching teens to cope. Practical Diabetology, 22, 26–29.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hanson, C. L., De Guire, M. J., Schinkel, A. M., Henggeler, S. W., & Burghen, G. A. (1992). Comparing social learning and family systems correlates of adaptation in youth with IDDM. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 17(5), 555–572.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hassan, K., Loar, R. Anderson, B. J., & Heptulla, R. A. (2006). The role of socioeconomic status, depression, quality of life, and glycemic control in type 1 diabetes mellitus. Journal of Pediatrics, 149, 526–531.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hauser, S. T., Jacobson, A. M., Lavori, P., Wolfsdorf, J. I., Herskowitz, R. D., Milley, J. E., et al. (1990). Adherence among children and adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus over a four-year longitudinal follow-up: II. Immediate and long-term linkages with the family milieu. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 15, 527–542.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Helgeson, V. S., Snyder, P. R., Escobar, O., Siminerio, L., & Becker, D. (2007). Comparison of adolescents with and without diabetes on indices of psychosocial functioning for three years. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 32, 794–806.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hill-Briggs, F., & Gemmell, L. (2007). Problem solving in diabetes self-management and control: A systematic review of the literature. The Diabetes Educator, 33(6), 1032–1050.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hoey, H., Aanstoot, H. J., Chiarelli, F., Daneman, D., Danne, T., Dorchy, H., et al. (2001). Good metabolic control is associated with better quality of life in 2,101 adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Care, 24, 1923–1928.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hsin, O., La Greca, A. M., Valenzuela, J., Delamater, A. M., & Moine, C. T. (2008). Adherence and glycemic control among Hispanic youth the type 1 diabetes: Role of family involvement and acculturation. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, under review.

    Google Scholar 

  • International Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes. (2007). Diabetes in children: Epidemiology. Pediatric Diabetes, 8 (Suppl. 8), 10–18.

    Google Scholar 

  • Johnson, S. B., Freund, A., Silverstein, J., Hansen, C., & Malone, J. (1990). Adherence-health status relationships in childhood diabetes. Health Psychology, 9, 606–631.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jones, J. M., Lawson, M. L., Daneman, D., Olmstead, M. P., & Rodin, G. (2000). Eating disorders in adolescent females with and without type 1 diabetes: Cross sectional study. British Medical Journal, 320, 1563–1566.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kahana, S., Drotar, D., & Frazier, T. (2008). Meta-analysis of psychological interventions to promote adherence to treatment in pediatric chronic conditions. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 33, 590–611.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kline, R. B. (2005). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling (2nd ed.). New York: Guilford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kovacs, M., Finkelstein, R., Feinberg, T. L., Crouse-Novak, M., Paulauskas, S., & Pollock, M. (1985). Initial psychologic responses of parents to the diagnosis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in their children. Diabetes Care, 8(6), 568–575.

    Google Scholar 

  • La Greca, A. M. (1990). Social consequences of pediatric conditions: Fertile area for future investigation and intervention? Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 15, 285–308.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • La Greca, A. M. (1998). It’s “All in the Family”: Responsibility for diabetes care. Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology & Metabolism, 11, 379–385.

    Google Scholar 

  • La Greca, A. M., Auslander, W. F., Greco, P., Spetter, D., Fisher, E. B. & Santiago, J. V. (1995). I get by with a little help from my family and friends: Adolescents’ support for diabetes care. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 20, 449–476.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • La Greca, A. M., & Bearman, K. J. (2002). The diabetes social support questionnaire – family version: Evaluating adolescents’ diabetes-specific support from family members. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 27, 665–676.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • La Greca, A. M., & Bearman, K. J. (2003). Adherence to pediatric regimens. In M. C. Roberts (Ed.), Handbook of pediatric psychology (3rd ed.). New York: Guilford.

    Google Scholar 

  • La Greca, A. M., Follansbee, D. J., & Skyler, J. S. (1990). Developmental and behavioral aspects of diabetes in children and adolescents. Children’s Health Care, 19, 132–139.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • La Greca, A. M., & Lemanek, K. L. (1996). Assessment as a process in pediatric psychology. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 21, 137–151.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • La Greca, A. M., & Skyler, J. S. (1991). Psychosocial issues in IDDM: A multivariate framework. In P. McCabe, N. Schneiderman, T. Field, & J. S. Skyler (Eds.). Stress, coping and disease. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • La Greca, A. M., Swales, T., Klemp, S., & Madigan, S. (1988). Self care behaviors among adolescents with diabetes. Proceedings of the Ninth Annual Sessions of the Society of Behavioral Medicine, Boston, A42.

    Google Scholar 

  • La Greca, A. M., Swales, T., Klemp, S., Madigan, S., & Skyler, J. S. (1995). Adolescents with diabetes: Gender differences in psychosocial functioning and glycemic control. Children’s Health Care, 24, 61–78.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Landolt, M. A., Ribi, K., Laimbacher, J., Vollrath, M., Gnehm, H. E., & Sennhauser, F. H. (2002). Incidence and associations of parental and child posttraumatic stress symptoms in pediatric patients. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 44, 1199–1207.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lawrence, J. M., Standiford, D. A., Loots, B., Klingensmith, G. J., Williams, D. E., Ruggiero, A., et al. (2006). Prevalence and correlates of depressed mood among youth with diabetes: The SEARCH for diabetes in youth study. Pediatrics, 117, 1348–1358.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lustman, P. J., Anderson, R. J., Freedland, K. E., de Groot, M., Carney, R. M. & Clouse, R. E. (2000). Depression and poor glycemic control: A meta-analytic review of the literature. Diabetes Care, 23, 934–942.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Marcus, M. D., & Wing, R. R. (1990). Eating disorders and diabetes. In C. Holmes (Ed.), Neuropsychological and behavioral aspects of diabetes (pp. 102–121). New York: Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Meltzer, J. J., Johnson, S. B., Prine, J. M., Banks, R. A., Desrosiers, P. M., & Silverstein, J. H. (2001). Disordered eating, body mass, and glycemic control in adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Care, 24, 678–682.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mortensen, H. B., Robertson, K. J., Aanstoot, H. J., Danne, T., Holl, R. W., Hougaard, P., et al. (1998). Insulin management and metabolic control of type 1 diabetes mellitus in childhood and adolescence in 18 countries. Hvidore Study Group on Childhood Diabetes. Diabetes Medicine, 15, 752–759.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. (2006). Advances and emerging opportunities in type 1 diabetes research: A strategic plan (August 2006). Bethesda, MD: National Institutes of Health. Downloaded on September 23, 2008 from http://www2.niddk.nih.gov/AboutNIDDK/ResearchAndPlanning/Type1Diabetes/

  • National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. (2007). National diabetes statistics, 2007. Bethesda, MD: National Institutes of Health. Downloaded on September 23, 2008 from http://diabetes.niddk.nih.gov/dm/pubs/statistics/

  • Polonsky, W. H., Andeson, B. J., Lohrer, P. A., Aponte, J. E., Jacobson, A. M., & Cole, C. F. (1994). Insulin omission in women with IDDM. Diabetes Care, 17, 1178–1185.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Prinstein, M. J., & La Greca, A. M. (in press). Child depressive symptoms and adolescent cigarette use: A six-year longitudinal study controlling for peer relations correlated. Health Psychology 28.

    Google Scholar 

  • Quittner, A. L., Modi, A. C., Lemanek, K. L., Ievers-Landis, C. E., & Rapoff, M. A. (2007). Evidence-based assessment of adherence to medical treatments in pediatric psychology. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 32, 1–21.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rubin, R. R., & Peyrot, M. (1992). Psychosocial problems and interventions in diabetes: A review of the literature. Diabetes Care, 13, 510–513.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rubin, R., Young-Hyman, D., & Peyrot, M. (1989). Parent-child responsibility and conflict in diabetes care. Diabetes, 38(Suppl. 2), 28A

    Google Scholar 

  • Satin, W., La Greca, A. M., Zigo, M., & Skyler, J. S. (1989). Diabetes in adolescence: Effects of multifamily group intervention on parent simulation of diabetes. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 14, 259–275.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sochett, E., & Daneman, D. (1999). Early diabetes-related complications in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes: Implications for screening and intervention. Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America, 28(4), 865–862.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Streisand, R., Swift, E., Wickmark, T., Chen, R., & Holmes, C. S. (2005). Pediatric parenting stress among parents of children with type 1 diabetes: The role of self-efficacy, responsibility, and fear. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 30(6), 513–521.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Varni, J. W., Burwinkle, T. M., Jacobs, J. R., Gottschalk, M., Kaufmann, F., & Jones, K. L. (2003). The PEDSQL (tm) in type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care, 26, 631–637.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Vehik, K., Hamman, R. F., Lezotte, D., Norris, J. M., Klingensmith, G., Bloch, C., et al. (2007). Increasing incidence of type 1 diabetes in 0- to 17-year old Colorado youth. Diabetes Care, 30, 503–509.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wagner, V. M., Muller-Godeffroy, E., von Sengbusch, S., Hager, S., & Thyen, U. (2005). Age, metabolic control and type of insulin regimen influences health-related quality of life in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes. European Journal of Pediatrics, 164, 491–496.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wilson, D. P., & Endres, R. K. (1986). Compliance with blood glucose monitoring in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus. The Journal of Pediatrics, 108, 1022–1024.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wysocki, T., Greco, P., & Buckloh, L. M. (2003). Childhood diabetes in psychological context. In M. C. Roberts (Ed.), Handbook of pediatric psychology (3rd ed., pp. 304–320). New York: Guilford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wysocki, T., Green, L., & Huxtable, K. (1989). Blood glucose monitoring by diabetic adolescents: Compliance and metabolic control. Health Psychology, 8, 267–284.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wysocki, T., Harris, M. A., Buckloh, L. M., Mertlich, D., Lochrie, S., Taylor, A., et al. (2006). Effects of behavioral family systems therapy for diabetes on adolescents' family relationships, treatment adherence, and metabolic control. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 31, 928–938.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wysocki, T., Harris, M. A., Buckloh, L. M., Mertlich, D., Lochrie, A. S., & Taylor, A. (2008). Randomized, controlled trial of behavioral family systems therapy for diabetes: Maintenance and generalization of effects on parent-adolescent communication. Behavior Therapy, 39, 33–46.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA

    Annette M. La Greca & Eleanor R. Mackey

Authors
  1. Annette M. La Greca
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Eleanor R. Mackey
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Annette M. La Greca .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

    Rights and permissions

    Reprints and permissions

    Copyright information

    © 2009 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC

    About this chapter

    Cite this chapter

    La Greca, A.M., Mackey, E.R. (2009). Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. In: O'Donohue, W. (eds) Behavioral Approaches to Chronic Disease in Adolescence. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-87687-0_8

    Download citation

    Publish with us

    Policies and ethics

    Search

    Navigation