Abstract
The technology transfer process between a public laboratory and a company has been the subject of many publications and has been widely discussed in economic theory. This chapter highlights several newly identified asymmetries occurring between the different agents taking part in the process.
The theoretical corpus of the article draws upon empirical sources, being based on the recent experience of one of the most dynamic Technology Transfer Offices (TTOs) in France: the case of ONERA (the National Office for Aerospace Studies and Research) and the SMEs.
In such a cooperative innovation process, we will show that certain collaborative tools or practices emerge, aimed at reducing information asymmetries or acting as compensation mechanisms for other types of asymmetries between the partners at a microeconomic level, especially in France where there is a gap between the public R&D laboratories and the SMEs in terms of Technology Readiness Levels (TRLs).
We finally showcase a new tool, the Demand Readiness Level scale (DRL), which combined with the TRL is providing a powerful tool, the Innovation (process) Readiness Diagram (IRD), dedicated to better manage the Technology Transfer relationship.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Notes
- 1.
Technology Readiness Levels.
References
AI Carnot, Carnot Institute Association. http://www.instituts-carnot.eu
Akerlof GA (1970) The market for ‘lemons’: quality uncertainty and the market mechanism. Q J Econ 84(3):488–500
ANRT, www.anrt.asso.fr
Aoki M (2000) Information, corporate governance and institutional diversity. competitiveness in Japan, the USA, and the transition economics. Oxford University Press, Oxford
Cowan R, Jonard N, Zimmermann J-B (2003) Complémentarités cognitives et production de connaissances nouvelles, une analyse en termes de réseaux (Cognitive complementarities and production of new knowledge, an analysis in terms of networks). Revue d’économie industrielle, La morphogenèse des réseaux, no.103
Etzkowitz H (1999) Bringing the gap: the evolution of industry-university links in the US. In: Branscomb L, Kodama F, Florida R (eds) Industrializing knowledge: university-industry linkages in Japan and United States. MIT Press, Cambridge
Florida R, Cohen W (1999) Engine or infrastructure? The university role in economic development. In: Branscomb L, Kodama F, Florida R (eds) Industrializing knowledge: university-industry linkages in Japan and United States. MIT Press, Cambridge
Freeman C (1987) Technology policy and economic performance: lessons from Japan. Pinter, London
Golob E (2006) Capturing the regional economic benefits of university technology transfer: a case study. J Technol Transfer 31(6):685–695
Lundvall B-A (1992) National systems of innovation: towards a theory of innovation and interactive learning. Pinter, London
Mankins JC (1995) Technology readiness levels, a white paper, 6 April, Advanced Concepts Office, Office of Space Access and Technology, NASA
Maskell P, Bathelt H, Malmberg A (2005) Building global knowledge pipelines: the role of temporary clusters. World Dev 27(9):1715–1734
Morin E (1990) Science avec conscience (science with a conscience). Fayard, Paris, 1982, new modified edition
Mouchnino N, Sautel O (2007) Coordination productive et enjeux concurrentiels au sein d’une industrie modulaire: l’exemple d’Airbus (Productive Coordination and competing stakes within a modular industry: the example of Airbus), Innovations, De Boeck, Université, 2007/1, no. 25, pp 135–153
Nash JF (1950) Equilibrium points in N-person games. In: Proceedings of NAS
Nelson RR (ed) (1993) National innovation systems: a comparative analysis. Oxford University Press, New York
Paun F (2010) This figure was first presented and generally accepted at the ‘Rendez Vous Carnot’, Lyon, France, June 2010, within the last Round Table dedicated to collaboration between Carnot Institutes and the SMEs
Paun F (2011) Demand Readiness Level as equilibrium tool for the hybridization between technology push et market pull approaches. In: ANR – ERANET workshop, Paris, 8 Feb 2011 (available on ssrn)
Paun F, Richard Ph (2009) Role des outils collaboratifs dans la réduction et la compensation des asymétries relatives au processus de transfert de technologie ; étude de cas sur la nouvelle politique ONERA –PME, “Le travail collaboratif. Une innovation générique”, Marché et Organisation, vol 9, édition Harmattan
Stiglitz J, Weiss A (1992) Asymmetric information in credit markets and its implications for macroeconomics. Oxf Econ Pap 44:694–724
Veblen T (1899) The theory of the leisure class : an economic study in the evolution of institutions, tr. fr.: Théorie de la classe de loisir. Gallimard, Paris, 1970
Veblen T (1914) The instinct of workmanship, and the state of the industrial arts. Augustus Kelley, New York, 1963
Watts DJ, Strogatz SH (1998) Collective dynamics of ‘small-world’ networks. Nature 393(6684):440–442
Weber A (1909/1929) The theory of industrial location. University of Chicago Press, Chicago
Zimmermann J-B (2002) Grappes d’entreprises et petits mondes (Company clusters and small worlds). Revue Economique 53(3):517–524
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2012 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Paun, F. (2012). The Demand Readiness Level Scale as New Proposed Tool to Hybridise Market Pull with Technology Push Approaches in Technology Transfer Practices. In: Audretsch, D., Lehmann, E., Link, A., Starnecker, A. (eds) Technology Transfer in a Global Economy. International Studies in Entrepreneurship, vol 28. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6102-9_18
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6102-9_18
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4614-6101-2
Online ISBN: 978-1-4614-6102-9
eBook Packages: Business and EconomicsBusiness and Management (R0)