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Alienation as a Concept in the Social Sciences

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Theories of Alienation

Abstract

‘Alienation’ and alienated have become words of our everyday language. When someone states: ‘Alienation is a major problem in the city’ or speaks of our ‘alienated society’, he is immediately understood. This sort of common understanding of alienation first developed in recent times, after the term had gained a central position in the social sciences, especially in sociology, political science, psychology and philosophy.1

This paper was originally written as introduction to the annotated bibliography ‘Alienation as a Concept in the Social Sciences’ (Current Sociology, vol. 21, 1973, no. 1). For the purposes of the discussions at the VIIIth World Congress of Sociology and of this publication it has been revised and re-footnoted.

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Notes

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  43. Freud did not use the term alienation in his scientific work. See, however, his letter to Romain Rolland, January 1936 (in: S. Freud, Gesammelte Werke, vol. 16, eds. A. Freud et al. (London: Imago Pubi., 1950), p. 254). In the discussion of alienation, however, comparisons are constantly made between the works of Freud and Marx. L. S. Feuer, for example, sees Marx and Engels as ‘Freudian forerunners’ and describes their view of alienation as a ‘romantic concept’ with ‘a preponderantly sexual connotation.’ L. S. Feuer, ‘What is Alienation? The Career of a Concept,’ reprinted in L. S. Feuer, Marx and the Intellectuals: A Set of Post-Ideological Essays (Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1969), p. 76.

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  71. See his study The Sociological Tradition (New York: Basic Books, 1966).

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  76. W. Gehlen, Urmensch und Spätkultur, 2nd ed. (Frankfurt and Bonn: Athenäum, 1964), pp. 42ff. In this connection reference should also be made to the positive evaluation of the stranger or the alien.

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  77. H. Cohen, for instance, stated, ‘In the alien... man discovered the idea of humanity’ (here quoted from the Encyclopedia Britannica (Chicago etc.: W. Benton), vol. 1, 1963, p. 632).

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  153. For this task (psycho-)linguistic research can provide some assistance, as David G. Hays has shown, cf. his paper ‘On “Alienation:” An Essay in the Psycholinguistics of Science’ (paper prepared for the Ad Hoc Group on Alienation Theory and Research at the VIIIth World Congress of Sociology, Toronto, Canada, August 1974; also published in this collection).

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  1. University of Munich, Germany

    Peter C. Ludz

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  1. Social Research Centre, Netherlands Universities’ Joint, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    R. Felix Geyer

  2. University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada

    David R. Schweitzer

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© 1976 H. E. Stenfert Kroese bv, Leiden

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Ludz, P.C. (1976). Alienation as a Concept in the Social Sciences. In: Geyer, R.F., Schweitzer, D.R. (eds) Theories of Alienation. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-8813-5_1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-8813-5_1

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-90-207-0630-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4684-8813-5

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