Abstract
Experimental methods offer the ability to recreate physical state and conditions in a controlled environment in terms of input and output variables. In the context of the cardiovascular system, mock circulatory systems (MCSs) are important experimental tools to provide information such as blood flow and pressures at different locations that, currently, can be difficult to be measured clinically. In literature several types of MCSs were proposed for fluid dynamic investigation of different vascular districts as well as to test new medical devices. However, these MCSs suffer the main drawback of being not fully controllable for flow reproduction waveform in terms of times and amplitudes of the physiological heart cycle.
The aim of this work is to present a custom pulsatile pump system with the advantage of a full flexible flow waveform definition. The setup is composed by a piston actuated by a servomotor and controlled by a real-time processor. Our system can reproduce the entire ventricular waveform, including both the aortic and mitral flow profiles. The core of our workflow is mainly based on a B-spline interpolation algorithm (i) and the possibility by the users to set the physiological parameters directly (ii). In particular, the platform permits to independently set: heart frequency, systole/diastole duration ratio and physiologic flow peaks values and the relative time positions. To demonstrate the device versatility and to validate the waveform reproduction, three different profiles (considering both average patient data from literature and real patient cases) were imposed and the corresponding flow was measured with an ultrasound flow meter positioned at the outlet of the pump. The profiles were chosen with the objective to cover the physiological range of flow amplitudes and waveform duration. The maximum error between the ideal and the measured profile was evaluated for each case.
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Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the VIVIR (PE-2013-02357974) grant from the Minister of Health and by 3D VIRTUAL BABY HEART projec0t (GR-2016-02365072).
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Vignali, E. et al. (2020). Development of a Fully Controllable Real-Time Pump to Reproduce Left Ventricle Physiological Flow. In: Carcaterra, A., Paolone, A., Graziani, G. (eds) Proceedings of XXIV AIMETA Conference 2019. AIMETA 2019. Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-41057-5_74
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