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Cerebellum-Like Systems in Actinopterygian Fishes with a Special Focus on the Diversity of Cerebellum-Like System in the Mesencephalon

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Cerebellum as a CNS Hub

Part of the book series: Contemporary Clinical Neuroscience ((CCNE))

Abstract

In addition to the cerebellum, most vertebrates possess cerebellum-like structures with components similar to the molecular layer, granule cells, and Purkinje cells. Most of such cerebellum-like structures situate in the medulla oblongata. In actinopterygian fishes, however, an additional cerebellum-like system is present in the mesencephalon. The torus longitudinal is the granule layer-like structure that sends parallel fiber-like axons to the most superficial layer of the optic tectum, or the stratum marginale. Pyramidal cells or type I cells of the optic tectum, which send ascending dendrites to the stratum marginale, are Purkinje cell-like neurons. This chapter introduces morphology, neural circuitry, and functions of the cerebellum-like systems, with a special focus on the mesencephalic cerebellum-like system in actinopterygian fishes. A recent study suggests that the mesencephalic cerebellum-like system is involved in the visual attention shift, although further studies are necessary to understand fully the significance of this peculiar cerebellum-like system.

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Abbreviations

AUR:

Auricula cerebelli

CC:

Corpus cerebelli

CC4:

Lobule 4 of corpus cerebelli

CCg:

Granular layer of corpus cerebelli

CLS:

Cerebellum-like system

CrC:

Cerebellar crest

DCN:

Dorsal cochlear nucleus

dlz:

Dorsolateral zone of mormyrid ELL

DO:

Descending octaval nucleus

DOdm:

Dorsomedial zone of DO

DON:

Dorsal octavolateral nucleus

EG:

Eminentia granularis

EGp:

Posterior part of EG

ELL:

Electrosensory lateral line lobe

flm:

Medial longitudinal fascicle

EOD:

Electric organ discharge

GR:

Corpus glomerulosum pars rotunda

GP:

Granule population of McCormick and Hernandez (1996)

HB:

Habenula

IP:

Interpeduncular nucleus

l:

Lateral fiber part of TL

L:

Lateral granular cell part of TL

LC:

Lobus caudalis

LCg:

Granular layer of LC

LFN:

Lateral funicular nucleus

LI:

Inferior lobe

ll:

Lateral lemniscus

m:

Medial fiber part of TL

M:

Medial granular cell part of TL

MLL:

Mechanosensory lateral line lobe

mz:

Medial zone of mormyrid ELL

NAT:

Anterior tuberal nucleus

NLV:

Lateral valvular nucleus

NLVpl:

Posterolateral part of NLV of Ito and Yoshimoto (1990)

NLVpm:

Posteromedial part of NLV of Ito and Yoshimoto (1990)

NM:

Medial octavolateral nucleus

NPC:

Nucleus paracommissuralis

NPE:

Nucleus praeeminentialis

NPEl:

Lateral part of NPE

NPEm:

Medial part of NPE

NSE:

Nucleus subeminentialis

NSV:

Nucleus subvalvularis

nII:

Optic nerve

NIII:

Oculomotor nucleus

NVm:

Trigeminal motor nucleus

nVIII:

Octaval nerve

P:

Pituitary

pc:

Posterior commissure

RCLS:

Rhombencephalic CLS

pLL:

Posterior lateral line nerve

Rm :

Middle reticular formation

rV:

Central root of trigeminal nerve

rVII:

Central root of facial nerve

SAC:

Stratum album centrale

SFGS:

Stratum fibrosum et griseum superficiale

SGC:

Stratum griseum centrale

SGN:

Secondary gustatory nucleus

SM :

Stratum marginale

SO:

Stratum opticum

SOP:

Secondary octaval population

SPV:

Stratum periventriculare

SV:

Vascular sac

TE:

Telencephalon

TL:

Torus longitudinalis

TLa:

Torus lateralis

TO:

Optic tectum

TS:

Torus semicircularis

TSc:

Central nucleus of TS

TSl:

Lateral nucleus of TS

TSvl:

Ventrolateral nucleus of TS

VC:

Valvula cerebelli

VCl:

Lateral lobe of VC

VCm:

Medial lobe of VC

vlz:

Ventrolateral zone of mormyrid ELL

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Fish Biology, Department of Animal Sciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan

    Naoyuki Yamamoto & Hanako Hagio

  2. Institute for Advanced Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan

    Hanako Hagio

Authors
  1. Naoyuki Yamamoto
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  2. Hanako Hagio
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Correspondence to Naoyuki Yamamoto .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Neurology, NCNP Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan

    Hidehiro Mizusawa

  2. Department of Anatomy and Physiology Faculty of Life Sciences, Jissen Women’s University, Tokyo, Japan

    Shinji Kakei

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Yamamoto, N., Hagio, H. (2021). Cerebellum-Like Systems in Actinopterygian Fishes with a Special Focus on the Diversity of Cerebellum-Like System in the Mesencephalon. In: Mizusawa, H., Kakei, S. (eds) Cerebellum as a CNS Hub. Contemporary Clinical Neuroscience. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-75817-2_2

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