Abstract
Arctic sea ice reduction has increased the fetch for wave generation as well as facilitated shipping opportunities. The region facing the most significant impact is the marginal ice zone, where the ice covers are more dynamic and the wave-ice interactions are stronger than in the central Arctic. The need for reliable forecasts of the wave and ice conditions in this partially ice-covered region has motivated a rapid increase of wave-in-ice studies. Mathematical models for wave-in-ice have been developed for over a century. Earlier models were based on simple physical concepts. The complexity of these models increased over time. Field data have been difficult to obtain because of the scale of the phenomenon and the harsh environment. Laboratory experiments have shown promise for obtaining meaningful data to check the theories. However, scaling up to field conditions is a challenge. With the improvements of instrumentation coupled with remote sensing capabilities, large amount of field data have become available. Laboratory studies have also increased in recent years. This paper provides a brief overview of the theories, laboratory and field experiments. Knowledge gaps and the outlook for future development are discussed.
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Acknowledgements
This study is supported in part by the Office of Naval Research grant numbers #N00014-13-1-0294 and N00014-17-1-2862. The author would also like to thank Steve Ackley for his introduction to sea ice and to Vernon Squire, with whom continued research discussions over the past several decades have been a constant source of inspiration.
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Shen, H.H. (2022). Wave-Ice Interaction Models and Experimental Observations. In: Tuhkuri, J., Polojärvi, A. (eds) IUTAM Symposium on Physics and Mechanics of Sea Ice. IUTAM Bookseries, vol 39. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80439-8_9
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