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Non-Urothelial Malignancies and Other Miscellaneous Lesions

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The Paris System for Reporting Urinary Cytology

Abstract

Non-Urothelial malignancies (NUM) are uncommon and make up less than 5% of bladder tumors. They refer to malignancies other than high-grade urothelial carcinomas (HGUC) and may present as primary or secondary disease. NUM can demonstrate epithelial or non-epithelial features and frequently pose diagnostic challenges for cytologists and pathologists, due to their morphologic overlap with HGUC.

Primary epithelial NUM, including pure squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, and small-cell carcinoma, have been shown to carry an aggressive biological behavior and often present at an advanced stage. Non-epithelial NUM include sarcoma, melanoma, and lymphoma. Secondary involvement of the urinary bladder by NUM occurs through metastases from distant sites or by direct extension from adjacent organs, such as the cervix, colorectum, and prostate.

Urine cytology can be a helpful tool in the initial diagnosis of primary or secondary NUM, which can be critical for appropriate management and subsequent prognostication.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Cleveland Clinic Laboratories, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA

    Tarik M. Elsheikh

  2. CBLPath/Sonic Healthcare USA, Inc., Rye Brook, NY, USA

    Rana S. Hoda

  3. Department of Pathology, Loyola School of Medicine, Mayview, IL, USA

    Stefan E. Pambuccian

  4. Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, Houston, TX, USA

    Jae Y. Ro

  5. Department of Pathology, Ewha Womans University, MokDong Hospital, Seoul, South Korea

    Sun Hee Sung

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  1. Tarik M. Elsheikh
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Correspondence to Tarik M. Elsheikh .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pathology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA

    Eva M. Wojcik

  2. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene, Madison, WI, USA

    Daniel F.I. Kurtycz

  3. Department of Pathology/Cytopathology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Dorothy L. Rosenthal

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Elsheikh, T.M., Hoda, R.S., Pambuccian, S.E., Ro, J.Y., Sung, S.H. (2022). Non-Urothelial Malignancies and Other Miscellaneous Lesions. In: Wojcik, E.M., Kurtycz, D.F., Rosenthal, D.L. (eds) The Paris System for Reporting Urinary Cytology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-88686-8_8

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