Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Female Tubal Sterilization: Traditional and Research Methods

  • Chapter
The Handbook of Contraception

Part of the book series: Current Clinical Practice ((CCP))

  • 1972 Accesses

Abstract

An easy, safe, effective, inexpensive long-term method of preventing pregnancy has been sought for decades and is especially needed in the developing world. The safety and efficacy of female sterilization have made it one of the most commonly performed operations. Although male sterilization is faster, safer, and cheaper, female sterilization allows a woman to personally control her own reproductive potential, Although the ideal method of sterilization remains elusive, the advent of an effective hysteroscopic approach represents a significant advance in moving female sterilization from an expensive, complex operating room procedure to a more simple office setting. Future research will focus upon finding even less complex methods that may be performed by paramedical personnel, methods that are more easily reversible, methods that reduce or prevent the transmission of sexually transmitted diseases, and methods that may be employed at any time in a menstrual cycle without regard to the patient’s pregnancy status.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 109.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Miracle-McMahill HE, Calle EE, Kosinski AS, et al. Tubal ligation and fatal ovarian cancer in a large prospective cohort study. Am J Epidemiol. 1997;145:349–57.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Creinin MD, Zite N. Female tubal sterilization: the time has come to routinely consider removal. Obstet Gynecol. 2014;124:596–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Pati S, Cullins V. Female sterilization: evidence. Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am. 2000;27:459–899.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Kurman RJ, Shih I. The origin and pathogenesis of epithelial ovarian cancer: a proposed unifying theory. Am J Surg Pathol. 2010;34:433–43.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Erickson BK, Conner MG, Landen Jr CN. The role of the fallopian tube in the origin of ovarian cancer. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2013;209:409–14.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Kwon JS, McAlpine JN, Hanley GE, et al. Costs and benefits of opportunistic salpingectomy as an ovarian cancer prevention strategy. Obstet Gynecol. 2015;125(2):338–45.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Tourgeman DE, Bhaumik M, Cook GC, et al. Pregnancy rates following fimbriectomy reversal via neosalpingostomy: a 10-year retrospective analysis. Fertil Steril. 2001;76:1041–4.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Camus E, Poncelet C, Goffinet F, et al. Pregnancy rates after in-vitro fertilization in cases of tubal infertility with and without hydrosalpinx: a metaanalysis of published comparative studies. Hum Reprod. 1999;14:1243–429.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Hartfield VJ. Female sterilization by the vaginal route: a positive reassessment and comparison of 4 tubal occlusion methods. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 1993;33:408–12.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Mazdisnian F, Palmieri A, Hakakha B, et al. Office microlaparoscopy for female sterilization under local anesthesia. A cost and clinical analysis. J Reprod Med. 2002;47:97–100.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Peterson HB, Xia Z, Hughes JM, et al. The risk of ectopic pregnancy after tubal sterilization. New Engl J Med. 1997;336:762–3.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Chi I-C, Laufe LE, Atwed R. Ectopic pregnancy following female sterilization. Adv Plann Parenthood. 1981;16:52–5.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Siegler AM, Hulka J, Peretz A. Reversibility of female sterilization. Fertili Steril. 1985;43:499–510.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Garcia FAR, Childers JM. Laparoscopic bowel injuries among gynecologic patients: a critical review. Diag Ther Endosc. 1997;3:241–7.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Soderstrom RM. Bowel injury litigation after laparoscopy. J Am Assoc Gynecol Laparosc. 1993;1:74–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Thompson BH, Wheeless CR. Gastrointestinal complications of laparoscopy sterilization. Obstet Gynecol. 1973;41:669–76.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Deaths following female sterilization with unipolar electrocoagulation. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 1980;30:150.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Soderstrom R. Electrical safety in laparoscopy. In: Phillips JM, editor. Endoscopy in gynecology. Downey, CA: American Association of Gynecologic Laparoscopists; 1978. p. 306.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Gunston KD, Van Coeverden de Groot HA, Goldberg GL, et al. S Afr Med J. 1983;63:518–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Semm K. Thermocoagulation by endocoagulator. A new method for pelviscopic sterilization. Gynecologie. 1976;27:279–82.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Yoon IB, Wheeless CR, King TM. A preliminary report on a new laparoscopic sterilization approach: the silicone rubber band technique. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1974;120:132.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Hulka JF, Omran K, Phillips JM, et al. Sterilization by spring clip: a report of 1,000 cases with a 6 month follow-up. Fertil Steril. 1973;26:1122–5.

    Google Scholar 

  23. Chi C, Laufe LE, Garner SD, Tolbert MA. An epidemiologic study of risk factors associated with pregnancy following female sterilizations. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1980;136:768–73.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Filshie GM, Casey D, Pogmore JR, et al. The titanium/silicone rubber clip for female sterilization. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1981;88:655–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Townsend DE, McCausland V, McCausland A, et al. Post-ablation-tubal sterilization syndrome. Obstet Gynecol. 1993;82:422–4.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Kreider SE, Starcher R, Hoppe J, et al. Endometrial ablation: is tubal ligation a risk factor for hysterectomy. JMIG. 2013;20:616–9.

    Google Scholar 

  27. McCausland AM, McCausland VM. Partial rollerball ablation: a modification of total ablation to treat menorrhagia without causing complications from intrauterine adhesions. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1999;80:1512–21.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Escobedo LG, Peterson HB, Grubb GS, et al. Case-fatality rates for tubal sterilization in U.S. Hospitals. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1989;160:147–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Goldhaber MK, Armstrong MA, Golditch IM, et al. Long term risk of hysterectomy among 80,007 sterilized and comparison women at Kaiser Permanente, 1971–1987. Am J Epidemiol. 1993;138:508–11.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. DeStefano F, Perlman JA, Peterson HB, Diamond EL. Long term risks of menstrual disturbances after tubal sterilization. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1985;152:835–41.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Rulin MC, Davidson AR, Philliber SG, et al. Long term effect of tubal sterilization on menstrual indices and pelvic pain. Obstet Gynecol. 1993;82:118–21.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Gentile GP, Kaufman SC, Helbig DW. Is there evidence for a post-tubal sterilization syndrome? Fertil Steril. 1998;69:179–86.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Kjer JJ. Sexual adjustment to tubal sterilization. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod. 1990;35:211–4.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Peterson HB, Xia Z, Hughes JM, For the U.S. Collaborative Review of Sterilization Working Group, et al. The risk of pregnancy after tubal sterilization from the U.S. Collaborative Review of Sterilization. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1996;174:1161–70.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Soderstrom RM, Levy BS, Engel T. Reducing bipolar sterilization failures. Obstet Gynecol. 1989;74:60–5.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Lichter ED, Laff SP, Friedman EA. Value of routine dilation and curettage at the time of interval sterilization. Obstet Gynecol. 1986;67:763–5.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Sweeney III W. The interstitial portion of the uterine tube – its gross anatomy, course and length. Obstet Gynecol. 1962;19:3–10.

    Google Scholar 

  38. Valle RF, Carignan CS, Wright TC, et al. Tissue response to the STOP microcoil transcervical permanent contraceptive device: results from a prehysterectomy study. Fertil Steril. 2001;76:976–80.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. Hastings-Tolsma M, Nodine P, Teal SB. Essure: hysteroscopic sterilization. J Midwifery Wom Health. 2006;6:510–4.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. Kerin JF, Carignan CS, Cher D. The safety and effectiveness of a new hysteroscopic method for permanent birth control: results of the first Essure pbc clinical study. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 2001;41:364–70.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Rios-Castillo JE, Velasco E, Arjona-Berral JE, et al. Efficacy of Essure hysteroscopic sterilization – 5 years follow up of 1200 women. Gyn Endocrinol. 2013;29:580–2.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  42. Cooper JM, Carignan CS, Cher D, et al. Microinsert nonincisional hysteroscopic sterilization. Obstet Gynecol. 2003;102:59–67.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. Kerin J. Hysteroscopic sterilization, long-term safety and efficacy. Presented at the 53rd Annual Clinical Meeting of the American College of Obstetricians & Gynecologists, May 8, San Francisco, CA; 2005.

    Google Scholar 

  44. Hopkins MR, Creedon DJ, Wagie AE, et al. Retrospective cost analysis comparing Essure hysteroscopic sterilization and laparoscopic bilateral tubal coagulation. JMIG. 2007;14:97–102.

    Google Scholar 

  45. Mijatovic V, Dreyer K, Emanuel MH, et al. Essure® hydrosalpinx occlusion prior to IVF-ET as an alternative to laparoscopic salpingectomy. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2012;161:42–5.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  46. Vancaillie TG, Anderson TL, Johns DA. A 12-month prospective evaluation of transcervical sterilization using implantable polymer matrices. Obstet Gynecol. 2008;112:1270–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  47. Ory EM, Hines RS, Cleland WH, et al. Pregnancy after microinsert sterilization with tubal occlusion confirmed by hysterosalpingogram. Obstet Gynecol. 2008;111:508–10.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  48. Hillis SD, Marchbanks PA, Tylor LR, et al. Poststerilization regret: findings from the United States Collaborative Review of Sterilization. Obstet Gynecol. 1999;93:889–98.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  49. I-c C, Gates D, Thapa S. Performing sterilizations during a woman’s postpartum hospitalization: a review of the United States and international experiences. Obstet Gynecol Surv. 1992;47:71–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  50. Allyn DP, Leton DA, Westcott NA, et al. Presterilization counseling and women’s regret about having been sterilized. J Reprod Med. 1986;31:1027–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  51. Dubuisson JB, Chapron C, Nos Z, et al. Sterilization reversal: fertility results. Hum Reprod. 1995;10:1145–51.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  52. Novy MJ, Thurmond AS, Patton P, Uchida BT, Rosch J. Diagnosis of cornual obstruction by transcervical fallopian tube cannulation. Fertil Steril. 1988;50:434–40.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  53. Koh C, Janik G. Laparoscopic microsurgery: current and future status. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol. 1999;11:401–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  54. Zipper J, Strachetti E, Medel M. Human fertility control by transvaginal application of quinacrine on the fallopian tube. Fertil Steril. 1970;21:581–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  55. El Kady AA, Nagib HS, Kessel E. Efficacy and safety of repeated transcervical quinacrine pellet insertions for female sterilization. Fertil Steril. 1993;59:301–4.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  56. Bhatt R, Waszak CS. Four year follow-up of insertion of quinacrine hydrochloride pellets as a means of nonsurgical female sterilization. Fertil Steril. 1985;44:303–6.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  57. Hieu DT, Tan TT, Tan DN, et al. 31,781 Cases of non-surgical female sterilization with quinacrine pellets in Vietnam. Lancet. 1993;342:213–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  58. Sokal D, Zipper J, King T. Transcervical quinacrine sterilization: clinical experience. Intl J Gynecol Obstet. 1995;51:S57–69.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  59. Feldblum P, Hays M, Zipper J, et al. Pregnancy rates among Chilean women who had non-surgical sterilization with quinacrine pellets between 1977 and 1989. Contraception. 2000;61:379–84.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  60. Alvarado A, Quinones R, Aznar R. Tubal instillation of quinacrine under hysteroscopic control. In: Sciarra JJ, Butler Jr JC, Speidel JJ, editors. Hysteroscopic sterilization. New York: Intercontinental Medical Book Corporation; 1974. p. 85–94.

    Google Scholar 

  61. Lippes J. Quinacrine sterilization: the imperative need for American clinical trials. Fertil Steril. 2002;77:1106–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  62. Richart RM, Neuwirth RS, Bolduc L. Single application fertility regulating device: description of a new instrument. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1977;127:86–90.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  63. Moyer DL, Neuwirth RS, Rioux JE. Discussion: research and clinical experience with MCA. In: Zatuchni GI, Shelton JD, Goldsmith A, Sciarra JJ, editors. Female transcervical sterilization. Philadelphia: Harper & Row; 1983. p. 223–33.

    Google Scholar 

  64. Kocks J. Eine neue methode der sterilization der frauen. Zentralblatt fur Gynakologie. 1878;2:617–9.

    Google Scholar 

  65. Pantaleoni DC. On endoscopic examination of the cavity of the womb. Med Press Circ. 1869;8:26–9.

    Google Scholar 

  66. von Mikulicz-Radecki F, Freund A. Ein neue hysteroskop und seine anwendung in der Gynakologie. Zschr Gebertsh. 1928;92:13–21.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  67. Edstrom K, Fernstrom I. The diagnostic possibilities of a modified hysteroscopic technique. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 1970;49:327–31.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  68. Quinones GR, Alvarado DA, Anzar AA. Tubal electrocauterization under hysteroscopic control. Contraception. 1973;7:195–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  69. Lindemann HJ. Transuterine tubensterilisation per hysteroskop. Gerburtsh u Frauenheilk. 1973;33:709–13.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  70. Cooper JM, Houck RM, Rigberg HS. The incidence of intrauterine abnormalities in patients undergoing elective hysteroscopic sterilization. J Reprod Med. 1983;10:659–61.

    Google Scholar 

  71. March CM, Israel R. A comparison of steerable and rigid hysteroscopy for uterine visualization and cannulation of tubal ostia. Contraception. 1976;14:269–74.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  72. Richart RM. Complications of hysteroscopic sterilization. Contraception. 1974;10:230–5.

    Google Scholar 

  73. March CM, Israel R. A critical appraisal of hysteroscopic tubal fulguration for sterilization. Contraception. 1975;11:261–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  74. Brundin J. Observations on the mode of action of an intratubal device, the P-block. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1987;156:997–1000.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  75. Hosseinian AH, Morales WA. Clinical application of hysteroscopic sterilization using uterotubal junction blocking devices. In: Zatuchni GI, Shelton JD, Goldsmith A, Sciarra JJ, editors. Female transcervical sterilization. Philadelphia: Harper & Row; 1983. p. 234–9.

    Google Scholar 

  76. Hamou J, Gasparri F, Scarselli GF, et al. Hysteroscopic reversible tubal sterilization. Acta Eur Fertil. 1984;15:123–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  77. Craft I. Uterotubal ceramic plugs. In: Sciarra JJ, Droegmueller W, Speidel JJ, editors. Advances in female sterilization techniques. Hagerstown, MD: Harper & Row; 1976. p. 176–81.

    Google Scholar 

  78. Sugimoto O editor. Hysteroscopic reversible sterilization. In: Diagnostic and therapeutic hysteroscopy. Tokyo: Igahu-Shoin; 1978, pp. 196–207.

    Google Scholar 

  79. Reed III TP, Erb R. Hysteroscopic tubal occlusion with silicone rubber. Obstet Gynecol. 1983;61:388–92.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  80. Loffer FD. Hysteroscopic sterilization with the use of formed-in-place silicone plugs. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1984;149:261–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  81. Cooper JM. Hysteroscopic sterilization. Clin Obstet Gynecol. 1992;35:282–98.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Gynecology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keck School of Medicine of USC and California Fertility Partners, 11818 Wilshire Blvd, Third Floor, Los Angeles, CA, 90025, USA

    Charles M. March MD

Authors
  1. Charles M. March MD
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Charles M. March MD .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keck Medical School at the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA

    Donna Shoupe

  2. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California, LOS ANGELES, California, USA

    Daniel R. Mishell, Jr.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2016 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

March, C.M. (2016). Female Tubal Sterilization: Traditional and Research Methods. In: Shoupe, D., Mishell, Jr., D. (eds) The Handbook of Contraception. Current Clinical Practice. Humana Press, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20185-6_13

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20185-6_13

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-20184-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-20185-6

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation