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Submarine Canyons and Gullies

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Submarine Geomorphology

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Abstract

Submarine canyons are deep incisions observed along most of the world’s continental margins. Their topographic relief is as dramatic as that of any canyon or river valley on land but is hidden beneath the surface of the ocean. Our knowledge of canyons has therefore come primarily from remote sensing and sampling, and has involved contributions from various oceanographic disciplines. Canyons are a critical link between coastal and shelf waters and abyssal depths; water masses, sediment, nutrients, and even litter and pollutants are carried through them. Advances in technology continue to provide new insights into canyon environments by pushing the frontier of deep marine observations and measurements. In this chapter we describe the main geomorphic features of submarine canyons and what is known about their formation and the processes that shape them. We also consider submarine gullies, which are small valleys commonly found within or alongside submarine canyons on the continental slope and may represent an incipient stage of canyon development.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No 658358 (D. Amblas).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Scott Polar Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK

    David Amblas & Julian A. Dowdeswell

  2. Istituto Nazionale di Oceanografia e di Geofisica Sperimentale, Trieste, Italy

    Silvia Ceramicola

  3. Statoil Research and Technology, Austin, TX, USA

    Thomas P. Gerber

  4. GRC Geociències Marines, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain

    Miquel Canals, Galderic Lastras & Anna Sanchez-Vidal

  5. Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, University of La Sapienza, Rome, Italy

    Francesco L. Chiocci

  6. GRID-Arendal, Arendal, Norway

    Peter T. Harris

  7. Marine Geoscience, National Oceanography Centre, University of Southampton, Waterfront Campus, Southampton, UK

    Veerle A.I. Huvenne & Claudio Lo Iacono

  8. Department of Hydraulic and Ocean Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan

    Steven Y.J. Lai

  9. Department of Geosciences, Marine Geology and Seafloor Surveying, University of Malta, Msida, Malta

    Aaron Micallef

  10. National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Wellington, New Zealand

    Joshu J. Mountjoy

  11. Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, Moss Landing, USA

    Charles K. Paull

  12. Institut de Ciències del Mar—CSIC, Barcelona, Spain

    Pere Puig

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  1. David Amblas
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  16. Anna Sanchez-Vidal
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Correspondence to David Amblas .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Marine Geology & Seafloor Surveying Group, Department of Geosciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malta, Msida, Malta

    Aaron Micallef

  2. Institute of Geosciences, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Kiel, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany

    Sebastian Krastel

  3. Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Università degli Studi Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy

    Alessandra Savini

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Amblas, D. et al. (2018). Submarine Canyons and Gullies. In: Micallef, A., Krastel, S., Savini, A. (eds) Submarine Geomorphology. Springer Geology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57852-1_14

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