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Sound Sharing and Retrieval

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Computational Analysis of Sound Scenes and Events

Abstract

Multimedia sharing has experienced an enormous growth in recent years, and sound sharing has not been an exception. Nowadays one can find online sound sharing sites in which users can search, browse, and contribute large amounts of audio content such as sound effects, field and urban recordings, music tracks, and music samples. This poses many challenges to enable search, discovery, and ultimately reuse of this content. In this chapter we give an overview of different ways to approach such challenges. We describe how to build an audio database by outlining different aspects to be taken into account. We discuss metadata-based descriptions of audio content and different searching and browsing techniques that can be used to navigate the database. In addition to metadata, we show sound retrieval techniques based on the extraction of audio features from (possibly) unannotated audio. We end the chapter by discussing advanced approaches to sound retrieval and by drawing some conclusions about present and future of sound sharing and retrieval. In addition to our explanations, we provide code examples that illustrate some of the concepts discussed.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    https://freesound.org, https://looperman.com, http://ccmixter.org, http://aporee.org/maps.

  2. 2.

    https://sounddogs.com, https://soundsnap.com, https://asoundeffect.com.

  3. 3.

    https://python.org.

  4. 4.

    www.TODO:bookwebsite.

  5. 5.

    https://freesound.org/docs/api/resources_apiv2.html.

  6. 6.

    https://creativecommons.org.

  7. 7.

    https://github.com/MTG/essentia/tree/master/src/examples/freesound.

  8. 8.

    https://youtube.com, https://vimeo.com, https://flickr.com, https://soundcloud.com, https://bandcamp.com, https://last.fm, https://freesound.org.

  9. 9.

    For this reason, histograms are provided as part of the documentation of the Freesound API: https://www.freesound.org/docs/api/analysis_docs.html.

  10. 10.

    https://labs.freesound.org/floop/.

  11. 11.

    https://ffont.github.io/freesound-explorer/.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Music Technology Group (MTG), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain

    Frederic Font & Xavier Serra

  2. Centre for Vision, Speech and Signal Processing (CVSSP), University of Surrey, Guildford, UK

    Gerard Roma

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  1. Frederic Font
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Correspondence to Frederic Font .

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  1. Laboratory of Signal Processing, Tampere University of Technology, Tampere, Finland

    Tuomas Virtanen

  2. Centre for Vision, Speech and Signal Processing, University of Surrey, Surrey, United Kingdom

    Mark D. Plumbley

  3. Google Inc., New York, New York, USA

    Dan Ellis

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Font, F., Roma, G., Serra, X. (2018). Sound Sharing and Retrieval. In: Virtanen, T., Plumbley, M., Ellis, D. (eds) Computational Analysis of Sound Scenes and Events. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-63450-0_10

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