Skip to main content

Adsorption-Oriented Processes Using Conventional and Non-conventional Adsorbents for Wastewater Treatment

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Green Adsorbents for Pollutant Removal

Part of the book series: Environmental Chemistry for a Sustainable World ((ECSW,volume 18))

Abstract

The removal of contaminants from wastewaters is a matter of great interest in the field of water pollution. Amongst the numerous techniques of contaminant removal, adsorption using solid materials (named adsorbents) is a simple, useful and effective process. The adsorbent may be of mineral, organic or biological origin. Activated carbon is the preferred material at industrial scale and is extensively used not only for removing pollutants from wastewater streams but also for adsorbing contaminants from drinking water sources (e.g. rivers, lakes or reservoirs). However, its widespread use is restricted due to high cost. In the last three decades, numerous approaches have been studied for the development of cheaper and more effective adsorbents capable to eliminate pollutants at trace levels. This chapter gives a general overview of liquid-solid adsorption processes using conventional and non-conventional materials for pollutant removal. It outlines some of the principles of adsorption and proposes a classification for the different types of materials. Finally, the chapter discusses different mechanisms involved in the adsorption phenomena.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 89.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 119.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Abbreviations

AAS:

Atomic absorption spectroscopy

AC:

Activated carbons

BOD:

Biochemical oxygen demand

CAA:

Commercial activated alumina

CAC:

Commercial activated carbons

COD:

Chemical oxygen demand

DSC:

Differential scanning calorimetry

ESR:

Electron spin resonance spectroscopy

FT-IR:

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

GAC:

Granular activated carbon

ICP:

Inductively coupled plasma

ISE:

Ion selective electrode

LC-MS:

Liquid chromatography mass spectrometry

NMR:

Nuclear magnetic resonance

OM:

Organic matter

PAC:

Powder activated carbon

PAH:

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

PCB:

Polychlorobiphenyls

PET:

Polyethylene terephthalate

PZC:

Point of zero charge

SEM:

Surface electron microscopy

SMEs:

Small and medium-size enterprises

SS:

Suspended solids

TGA:

Thermogravimetric analysis

TOC:

Total organic carbon

VOC:

Volatile organic compounds

XAS:

X-ray absorption spectroscopy

XPS:

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

References

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Grégorio Crini .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2018 Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Crini, G., Lichtfouse, E., Wilson, L.D., Morin-Crini, N. (2018). Adsorption-Oriented Processes Using Conventional and Non-conventional Adsorbents for Wastewater Treatment. In: Crini, G., Lichtfouse, E. (eds) Green Adsorbents for Pollutant Removal. Environmental Chemistry for a Sustainable World, vol 18. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-92111-2_2

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics