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Elektrophysikalische Maßnahmen

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Handrehabilitation

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Zusammenfassung

Elektrophysikalische Maßnahmen (im englischen Sprachgebrauch »electrophysical agents«, kurz EPAs) stellen in der Handtherapie einen wichtigen Teil der Behandlung dar. Physio- und Ergotherapeutinnen wenden thermische, elektrische, mechanische und zum Teil auch chemische Modalitäten an. Elektrophysikalische Maßnahmen sind eine gezielt eingesetzte Ergänzung zu weiteren therapeutischen Maßnahmen. Sie werden auch »passive« Maßnahmen genannt. Seit den Anfängen der Physiotherapie sind diese Anwendungen ein fester Bestandteil des Berufstandes (Watson 2016). Elektrophysikalische Maßnahmen sind weltweit ein Thema: 2009 wurde die International Society for Electrophysical Agents in Physiotherapy3, eine Untergruppe der World Confederation for Physical Therapy (WCPT) gegründet. Elektrophysikalische Modalitäten wirken primär auf der Ebene der Köperfunktionen, um in der Folge dem Patienten eine verbesserte Aktivität zu ermöglichen und seine Partizipation, seine Rollenerfüllung zu stärken. Zu den Körperfunktionen gehören u. a. Schmerzen, Gelenksbeweglichkeit, die Funktionen der Haut (Vernarbung), Muskelaktivität oder die Durchblutung. Jede Therapeutin wendet physikalische Mittel an und hat damit mehr oder weniger positive Erfahrungen sammeln können. Auch die Anwendung von elektrophysikalischen Maßnahmen sollte auf den Prinzipen der evidenzbasierten Medizin gründen: Es handelt sich um die Integration von Evidenz aus der Literatur, den Erfahrungen der Therapeutin und den Werten und Erwartungen des Patienten (Sackett 2000).

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Notes

  1. 1.

    3http://www.wcpt.org/iseapt (Zugriff 15.11.2017)

  2. 2.

    Nachdruck mit freundlicher Genehmigung durch Prof. Tim Watson: Electrotherapy on the Web (On-line unter http://www.electrotherapy.org/assets/Downloads/US%20dose%20chart%202015.pdf, Zugriff 18. 11. 2017)

  3. 3.

    Angaben zur den Webseiten finden sich im Abschn. »Literatur«.

  4. 4.

    Chromophor: Ein Molekül, welches als natürlich vorkommendes Pigment agiert und einem Objekt durch selektive Lichtabsorption bei einer bestimmten Wellenlänge die Farbe gibt.

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    Vera Beckmann-Fries

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Beckmann-Fries, V. (2019). Elektrophysikalische Maßnahmen. In: Waldner-Nilsson, B. (eds) Handrehabilitation. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-38926-2_25

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