Abstract
Marine viruses are the most abundant life-forms in the ocean and exist wherever life is found. The estimated virus count in the ocean is , and every second about viral infections occur in the ocean. These infections are a major source of disease and mortality in organisms ranging from shrimp to whales. Each infection potentially introduces new genetic information into an organism or into progeny viruses. These new genetic changes allow evolution of the host and virus population. Viruses represent the planet’s largest pool of genetic diversity. Our understanding of the impact of viruses on global systems, however, is still incomplete. This chapter will present a general review of marine viruses; their impact on marine organisms, such as cyanobacteria, mollusks, and more detailed about shrimp viruses, diagnostics and the control of shrimp viral diseases.
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Abbreviations
- BMNV:
-
baculoviral midgut gland necrosis virus
- BP:
-
Baculoviruspenaei
- CTX:
-
cholera toxin
- DIG:
-
digoxigenin 11-dUTP
- DNA:
-
deoxyribonucleic acid
- GAV:
-
gill-associated virus
- HPV:
-
hepatopancreatic parvovirus
- IHHNV:
-
infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis virus
- IMNV:
-
infectious myonecrosis virus
- ISH:
-
in situ hybridization
- IgG:
-
immunoglobulin G
- IgM:
-
immunoglobulin M
- LOVV:
-
lymphoid organ vacuolization virus
- LPV:
-
lymphoidalparvo-like virus
- LSNV:
-
Laem–Singh virus
- MABV:
-
marine birnavirus
- MBV:
-
monodon baculovirus
- MT:
-
metric ton
- MoV:
-
Mourilyan virus
- NS2:
-
nonstructural protein-2
- ORF:
-
open reading frame
- PCR:
-
polymerase chain reaction
- PSII:
-
photosystem II
- RNAi:
-
RNA interference
- RNA:
-
ribonucleic acid
- RPS:
-
rhabdovirus of penaeid shrimp
- SMV:
-
spawner-isolated mortality virus
- TEM:
-
transmission electron microscopy
- TSV:
-
Taura syndrome virus
- VP:
-
viral protein
- WSD:
-
white spot disease
- WSSV:
-
white spot syndrome virus
- YHV:
-
yellow head virus
- dsDNA:
-
double-stranded DNA
- dsRNA:
-
double-stranded RNA
- hli:
-
high light inducible gene
- mAb:
-
monoclonal antibodies
- mRNA:
-
messenger RNA
- pAb:
-
polyclonal antibodies
- ssRNA:
-
single-stranded RNA
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Subbiah, J. (2015). Marine Viruses. In: Kim, SK. (eds) Springer Handbook of Marine Biotechnology. Springer Handbooks. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-53971-8_4
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