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Allopurinol and Other Inhibitors of Urate Synthesis

  • Chapter
Uric Acid

Part of the book series: Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology ((HEP,volume 51))

Abstract

The ideal drug for the treatment of hyperuricemia would be one which reduces uric acid synthesis without interfering with important anabolic pathways or normal regulatory functions. In theory, uric acid production may be inhibited at a number of different enzymatic steps, either those involved in the de novo pathway of purine biosynthesis or those concerned with the final stages of purine catabolism. Compounds such as azaserine and diazo-oxo-norleucine which block the early steps of purine biosynthesis reduce uric acid synthesis but also interfere with nucleic acid synthesis and are therefore cytotoxic (Grayzel et al., 1960; Zuckerman et al., 1959). Inhibition of xanthine oxidase, on the other hand, has proven to be a clinically safe and effective method of reducing uric acid formation.

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  1. Gertrude B. Elion
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA

    William N. Kelley MD (Professor and Chairman) (Professor and Chairman)

  2. Department of Pathology, Upstate Medical Center, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA

    Irwin M. Weiner MD (Professor and Chairman) (Professor and Chairman)

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Elion, G.B. (1978). Allopurinol and Other Inhibitors of Urate Synthesis. In: Kelley, W.N., Weiner, I.M. (eds) Uric Acid. Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology, vol 51. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-66867-8_21

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