Abstract
Over the three decades, a striking characteristic of China’s economic development has been the rise and rapid growth of township and village enterprises (TVEs). TVEs grew in rural areas; were collectively established by grassroots governments, entrepreneurs, and rural population; engaged primarily in industrial activities; and had completely different production methods from agricultural production.
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Notes
- 1.
The “five small” industries include small coal mines, small iron and steel plants, small chemical fertilizer plants, small concrete factories, and small machinery factories—translator’s note.
- 2.
Tan (2003).
- 3.
Tan (1998).
- 4.
Jefferson et al. (1992).
- 5.
Tan (1999).
- 6.
Tan (1999).
- 7.
Tan (2003).
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Zhang, X., Li, Z. (2018). Development of Township and Village Enterprises and Transformation of the Ownership System. In: China’s Rural Development Road. Research Series on the Chinese Dream and China’s Development Path. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5646-8_4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5646-8_4
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