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Social Game and Virtual Research Institute

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Transboundary Game of Life
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Abstract

As I write this memoir, I realize anew that my personal history is fully intertwined with contemporary history. Thus, when I receive comments from readers, such as “I was overcome with deep emotion that I live in contemporary times,” or “I recalled my mother, a high school teacher, transcribing teaching materials late into the night,” I feel we share something of our lives. As this was the first time I had written about the anti-Security Treaty struggles, those who knew my circumstances expressed concern, saying, “Are you all right having revealed so much?”; and those who didn’t know said, “I’m stunned that you had such a radical past.” However, I have no intention to talk about my behavior in those days by boasting about my exploits, and I expressed the reasons for not doing so in a frank manner (Chap. 10: Sugamo Prison and Anti-Security Treaty Struggle). I was always conscious that in those days I was a log, if not a leaf, pushed along in the torrent of history. This made me maintain my silence about that time. In re-evaluating what the anti-Security Treaty struggle meant by thinking about it from the standpoint of a “social scientist,” I came to feel that I wanted to impart my personal experiences of those days in a candid manner. An individual exists solely due to the world; and the world cannot exist without each individual’s actions.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Koga, Takamasa, “Atogaki ni kaete” (As an Afterword), 1954 Tōdai Komabaryō Shaken (1954 University of Tokyo Komaba Dormitory Social Science Research Group).

  2. 2.

    Plato , Laws, Volume 7; Hume, David, A Treatise of Human Nature; Smith, Adam, The Theory of Moral Sentiments; Huizinga, Johan, Homo Ludens.

  3. 3.

    According to results of recent experimental economics, when the motive of experimental subjects is controlled for altruism, phenomena that could not be fully explained by past theories based on the hypothesis of selfish motives were better explained. See Kawagoe, Toshiji. Jikken Keizaigaku (Experimental Economics), Chap. 3, University of Tokyo Press, 2007.

  4. 4.

    Huizinga, Johan. Homo Ludens: A study of the play element in culture, Beacon Press, 1955, p. 51 (First published: 1938; copyright: Roy Publishers, 1950).

  5. 5.

    See Footnote 2.

  6. 6.

    Aoki, Masahiko, Hikaku seido bunseki ni mukete (Toward Comparative Institutional Analysis), NTT Shuppan. The concept of “equilibrium of the totality” also plays a central role in the analysis of myths by Prof. Hayao Kawai, mentioned in Chap. 22: Thoughts on Corporations East and West.

  7. 7.

    Rawls, John. “Two Concepts of Rules,” The Philosophical Review, 64 (1955), pp. 3–32.

  8. 8.

    McMillan, John. Reinventing the Bazaar: A Natural History of Markets, W.W. Norton: 2002, pp. 12–13.

  9. 9.

    For the latest game theory outcomes concluding that a stable game equilibrium may not come about unless there is a pre-existing prediction held in common, see Aumann, R. and A. Brandenburger, “Epistemic Conditions for Nash Equilibrium,” Econometrica 63 (1995), pp. 1161–80. Also see Aoki, M., “Understanding Douglass North in Game-theoretic Language,” http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1083790.

  10. 10.

    John Von Neumann contributed to the mathematical foundation of quantum mechanics, played a leading role in the production of atomic bombs, designed the basis for current computer architecture (called the Von Neumann machine), and formulated the mathematical foundation for game theory as a social science theory.

  11. 11.

    See http://www.vcasi.org/en.

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Aoki, M. (2018). Social Game and Virtual Research Institute. In: Transboundary Game of Life. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2757-5_30

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