Abstract
The United States and Iran appear to be engaged in a high stakes and dangerous game of post-cold war “brinkmanship” that could either result in some form of compromise or else continue to degenerate into a further escalation of tensions, if not direct conflict. In accord with traditional hawkish strategy, the Pentagon has attempted to make the threat of war as credible as possible in order to press Tehran to make concessions.
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Notes
P. R. Kumaraswamy, “China, Russia on Road to Abandoning Iran,” ISN Security Watch, January 10, 2007.
UN Resolution 1747 focuses on constraining Iranian arms exports, the state-owned Bank Sepah—already under Treasury Department sanctions—and the Revolutionary Guard Corps, which is an elite military organization separate from the nation’s conventional armed forces. Thom Schanker, “Security Council Votes to Tighten Iran Sanctions,” New York Times, March 25, 2007.
Ariana Eunjung Cha, “China Embraces Nuclear Future,” Washington Post, May 29, 2007, http://wwwwashingtonpost.com/wpdyn/content/article/2007/05/28/AR200705 2801051_pf.html;
Benjamin K. Sovacool, “Think Again: Nuclear Energy,” Foreign Policy (September 2005). http://www.foreignpolicy.com/story/cms.php?Story_id=3250&print=1.
Kamal Nazer Yasin, “Iran: The Geostrategy of Oil,” ISN Security Watch (July 18, 2007).
Richard Betts, “The Osirak Fallacy,” The National Interest (Spring 2006). In a report allegedly leaked to embarrass Germany, revealing major German, U.S., UK, and Chinese firms purportedly involved in Saddam’s nuclear program, see The Guardian (December 18, 2002).
Nazila Fathi, David E. Sanger, and William J. Broad, “Iran Says It Is Making Nuclear Fuel, Defying U.N.,” New York Times, April 12, 2006.
David E. Sanger, William J. Broad, “Iran Expanding Nuclear Effort, Agency Reports,” New York Times, February 22, 2007.
William O. Beeman, “After Ahmadinejad: the Prospects for US-Iranian Relations,” in Iranian Challenges, ed. Walter Posch, Chaillot paper, 89 (May 2006).
Conn Hallinan, “The Democrats & Iran,” (December 9, 2006) Foreign Policy in Focus, http://www.fpif.org/fpiftxt/3771.
Lisa Bryant, “France Defends Talk with Iran on Nuclear Fuel,” Reuters, February 4, 2005.
M. K. Bhadrakumar, “China, Russia Welcome Iran into the Fold,” Asia Times On Line (April 18, 2006), http://www.atimes.com/atimes/China/HD18Ad02.html;
Jephraim P. Gundzik, “The Ties That Bind China, Russia, and Iran,” June 4, 2005, http://www.atimes.com/atimes/China/GF04Ad07.html; http://www.atimes.com/atimes/Middle East/FK06Ak01.html.
Hassan M. Fattah, “Arab States, Wary of Iran, Add to Their Arsenals but Still Lean on the U.S.,” New York Times, February 23, 2007.
Meghan Clyne, “Congress Outbids Bush on Iran Democracy Aid,” New York Sun, March 3, 2006.
Seymour M. Hersh, “The Iran Plans: Would President Bush Go to War to Stop Tehran from Getting the Bomb?” New Yorker, April 17, 2006 (Posted April 8, 2006).
Mark Mazzetti and Michael R. Gordon, “Fissures Emerge on Iran’s Role in Iraq Attacks,” International Herald Tribune, February 14, 2007.
Heather Stewart, “Iran Crisis ‘Could Drive Oil over $90,” The Guardian, January 29, 2006, http://www.guardian.co.uk/oil/story/0„1697137,00.html.
Gareth Porter, “Israeli Realism on Iran Belies Threat Rhetoric,” January 30, 2007, http://ipsnews.net/news.asp?idnews=36369.
AIPAC Memo “Proceed with Caution If Engaging Iran and Syria” Dec. 6, 2006 http://www.aipac.org/PDFDocs/AIPAC%20Memo%20-%20ProceedWith Caution.pdf.
David Albright, “South Africa and the Affordable Bomb,” Bulletin of Atomic Scientists (July/August 1994), http://www.thebulletin.org/article.php?art_ofn=ja94albright.
Hassan M. Fattah, “Arab States, Wary of Iran, Add to Their Arsenals but Still Lean on the U.S.,” New York Times, February 23, 2007.
Hassan Rowhani, Time Magazine, May 11, 2006, cited at Global http://Security.org http://www.globalsecurity.org/wmd/library/news/iran/2006/iran-060511-irna01.htm; http://www.parstimes.com/history/un_598.html; http://www2.irna.ir/en/news/view/line-17/0704106338191059.htm.
See Ray Takeyh, “A Nuclear Iran: Challenges and Responses Author: Senior Fellow for Middle Eastern Studies,” March 2, 2006, http://www.cfr.org/publication/10008/nucleariran.html?breadcrumb=default.
Helene Cooper and David E. Sanger, “Iran Strategy Stirs Debate at White House,” Washington Post, June 16, 2007. In addition, General Wesley Clark rebuked Senator Lieberman’s public call to pursue Iranian forces across Iraq’s border: “What we need now is full-fledged engagement with Iran…. All options are on the table, but we should be striving to bridge the gulf of almost 30 years of hostility before, and only when all else fails should there be any consideration of other options. … Only someone who never wore the uniform or thought seriously about national security would make threats at this point … What our soldiers need is responsible strategy, not a further escalation of tensions in the region.” Gen. Wesley Clark Slams Senator Lieberman on Iran Newsmax (June 13, 2007) http://www.newsmax.com/archives/ic/2007/6/13/203112.shtml?s=ic.
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© 2007 Hall Gardner
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Gardner, H. (2007). Iran: Nuclear High Tension and Holocaust Polemics. In: Averting Global War. Palgrave Macmillan, New York. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230608733_5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230608733_5
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