Skip to main content

shadow banking: a review of the literature

  • Chapter
Banking Crises

Abstract

The shadow banking system is a web of specialised financial institutions that channel funding from savers to investors through a range of securitisation and secured funding techniques. Although shadow banks—the institutions that constitute the shadow banking system—conduct credit and maturity transformation similar to that of traditional banks, they do so without the direct and explicit public sources of liquidity and tail risk insurance available through the Federal Reserve’s discount window and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. Shadow banks are therefore inherently fragile, not unlike the commercial banking system prior to the creation of the public safety net. This definition closely follows that of Pozsar et al., (2010).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Bibliography

  • Acharya, V., Schnabl, P. and Suarez, G. 2010. Securitisation Without Risk Transfer. NBER Working Paper 15730.

    Google Scholar 

  • Acharya, V., Richardson, M., Nieuwerburgh, S.V. and White, L.J. 2011. Guaranteed to Fail: Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac, and the Debacle of Mortgage Finance. Princeton University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Adrian, T. and Ashcraft, A.B. 2012. Shadow Bank Regulation. Annual Review of Financial Economics. Forthcoming.

    Google Scholar 

  • Adrian, T. and Boyarchenko N. 2012. Intermediary Leverage Cycles and Financial Stability. Federal Reserve Bank of New York Staff Reports, 567.

    Google Scholar 

  • Adrian, T., Begalle, B., Copeland, A. and Martin, A. 2013. Repo and Securities Lending. In: Quantifying Systemic Risk Measurement: NBER Research Conference Report Series, (eds. J.G. Haubrich and A.W. Lo). University of Chicago Press. Forthcoming.

    Google Scholar 

  • Adrian, T., Burke, C. and McAndrews, J. 2009. The Federal Reserve’s Primary Dealer Credit Facility. Federal Reserve Bank of New York Current Issues in Economics and Finance, 15(4), 1–12.

    Google Scholar 

  • Adrian, T. and Fleming, M. 2005. What Financing Data Reveal About Dealer Leverage. Federal Reserve Bank of New York Current Issues in Economics and Finance, 11(3), 1–7.

    Google Scholar 

  • Adrian, T., Moench, E. and Shin, H.S. 2009. Financial Intermediation, Asset Prices, and Macroeconomic Dynamics. Federal Reserve Bank of New York Staff Report, 422.

    Google Scholar 

  • Adrian, T., Kimbrough, K. and Marchioni, D. 2011. The Federal Reserve’s Commercial Paper Funding Facility. Federal Reserve Bank of New York Economic Policy Review, 17(1), 25–39.

    Google Scholar 

  • Adrian, T., Shin and H.S. 2009. The Shadow Banking System: Implications for Financial Regulation. Banque de France Financial Stability Review, 13, 1–10.

    Google Scholar 

  • Adrian, T., Shin and H.S. 2010a. Liquidity and Leverage. Journal of Financial Intermediation, 19(3), 418–37.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Armantier, O., Krieger, S. and McAndrews, J. 2008. The Federal Reserve’s Term Auction Facility. Federal Reserve Bank of New York Current Issues in Economics and Finance, 14(5).

    Google Scholar 

  • Ashcraft, A., Goldsmith-Pinkham, P., Hull, P. and Vickery, J. 2011. Credit Ratings and Security Prices in the Subprime MBS Market. American Economic Review, 101(3), 115–19.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ashcraft, A.B. and Schuermann, T. 2008. Understanding the Securitisation of Subprime Mortgage Credit. Foundations and Trends in Finance, 2(3), 191–309.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ashcraft, A.B., Malz, A. and Pozsar, Z. 2012. The Federal Reserve’s Term Asset-Backed Securities Loan Facility. Federal Reserve Bank of New York Economic Policy Review. Forthcoming.

    Google Scholar 

  • Avraham, D., Selvaggi, P. and Vickery, J. 2012. A Structural View of Bank Holding Companies. Federal Reserve Bank of New York Economic Policy Review, 18(2), 65–82.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bord, V. and Santos, J.C. 2012. The Rise of the Originate-to-Distribute Model and the Role of Banks in Financial Intermediation. Federal Reserve Bank of New York Economic Policy Review, 18(2), 21–34.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brunnermeier, M.K. and Pedersen, L.H. 2009. Market Liquidity and Funding Liquidity. Review of Financial Studies, 22(6), 2201–2238.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brunnermeier, M.K. and Sannikov, Y. 2012. A Macroeconomic Model with a Financial Sector. Working Paper. Princeton University.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cetorelli, N. 2012. A Principle for Forward-Looking Monitoring of Financial Intermediation: Follow the Banks! Federal Reserve Bank of New York Liberty Street Economics Blog, July 23, 2012. Available at http://libertystreeteconomics.newyorkfed.org/2012/07/a-principle-for-forward-looking-monitoring-of-financial-intermediation-follow-the-banks.html.

  • Cetorelli, N. and Peristiani, S. 2012. The Role of Banks in Asset Securitisation. Federal Reserve Bank of New York Economic Policy Review, 18(2), 47–64.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cohen, A. 2011. Rating shopping in the CMBS market. Presented at Regulation of Systemic Risk, Washington, DC, Sep. 15–16.

    Google Scholar 

  • Copeland, A., Martin, A. and Walker, M. 2011. Repo Runs: Evidence from the Tri-party Repo Market. Federal Reserve Bank of New York Staff Report, 506.

    Google Scholar 

  • Copeland, A. 2012. Evolution and Heterogeneity among Larger Bank Holding Companies: 1994 to 2010. Federal Reserve Bank of New York Economic Policy Review, 18(2), 83–93.

    Google Scholar 

  • Co val, J., Jurek, J. and Stafford, E. 2009. The Economics of Structured Finance. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 23(1), 3–25.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Covitz, D., Liang, N. and Suarez, G. 2012. The Evolution of a Financial Crisis: Panic in the Asset-backed Commercial Paper Market. Journal of Finance. Forthcoming.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dang, T.V., Gorton, G. and Holmström, B. 2009. Opacity and the Optimality of Debt for Liquidity Provision. Yale/MIT Working Paper.

    Google Scholar 

  • Diamond, D. and Dybvig, P. 1983. Bank Runs, Deposit Insurance, and Liquidity. Journal of Political Economy 91:401–19.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Duffie, D. 2012. Market Making Under the Proposed Volcker Rule. Working Paper. Stanford University.

    Google Scholar 

  • Financial Accounting Standards Board. 2012. Briefing Document: FASB Statement 166 and 167. Available at http://www.fasb.org/cs/ContentServer?c=FASBContent_C&pagename=FASB%2FFASBContent_C%2FNewsPage&cid=1176155633483.

  • Financial Stability Board. 2011. Shadow Banking: Strengthening Oversight and Regulation. Available at http://www.financialstabilityboard.org/publications/r_1 11027a.pdf.

  • Financial Stability Board. 2012. Progress Report to the G20 on Strengthening the Oversight and Regulation of Shadow Banking. Available at http://www.financialstabilityboard.org/publications/r_120420c.pdf.

  • Fleming, M. and Garbade, K. 2003. The Repurchase Agreement Refined: GCF Repo. Federal Reserve Bank of New York Current Issues in Economics and Finance, 9(6), 1–7.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fleming, M., Hrung, W.B. and Keane, F.M. 2010. Repo Market Effects of the Term Securities Lending Facility. American Economic Review: Papers and Proceedings, 100, 591–6.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fostel, A. and Geanakoplos, J. 2008. Leverage Cycles and the Anxious Economy. American Economic Review, 98(4), 1211–1244.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Frame, W.S. and White, L.J. 2005. Fussing and Fuming over Fannie and Freddie: How Much Smoke, How Much Fire? Journal of Economic Perspectives, 19(2), 159–184.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Garleanu, N. and Pedersen, L.H. 2011. Margin-Based Asset Pricing and Deviations from the Law of One Price, Review of Financial Studies, 24(6), 1980–2022.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gennaioli, N., Shleifer, A. and Vishny, R. 2012a. Neglected Risks, Financial Innovation, and Financial Fragility. Journal of Financial Economics. Forthcoming.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gennaioli, N., Shleifer, A. and Vishny, R. 2012b. A Model of Shadow Banking. Journal of Finance. Forthcoming.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gorton, G. 1985. Clearinghouses and the Origin of Central Banking in the United States. Journal of Economic History, 4(2), 277–283.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gorton, G. and Metrick, A. 2011. Regulating the Shadow Banking System. Brookings Paper on Economic Activity, 261–312.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gorton, G. and Metrick, A. 2012. Securitised Banking and the Run on Repo. Journal of Financial Economics, 104, 425–51.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Holmström, B. and Tirole, J. 1998. Private and Public Supply of Liquidity. Journal of Political Economy, 106(1), 1–40.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • International Institute of Finance. 2012. Shadow Banking: A Forward-Looking Framework for Effective Policy.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jaremski, M. 2010. Free Bank Failures: Risky Bonds Versus Undiversified Portfolios. Journal of Money, Credit, and Banking, 42(8), 1565–1587.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kacperczyk, M. and Schnabl, P. 2011. Does Organizational Form Affect Risk Taking? Evidence from Money Market Mutual Funds. New York University Working Paper.

    Google Scholar 

  • Keys, B., Mukherjee, T., Seru, A. and Vig, V. 2010. Did Securitisation Lead to Lax Screening? Evidence from Subprime Loans. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 125(1), 307–62.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Krishnamurthy, A., Nagel, S. and Orlov, D. 2011. Sizing Up Repo. NBER/CEPR/Stanford/Northwest Working Paper.

    Google Scholar 

  • Levitin, A. and Wachter, S. 2011. Explaining the Housing Bubble. Research Paper 10–15, Institute for Law and Economics, University of Pennsylvania.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mandel, B., Morgan, D. and Wei, C. 2012. The Role of Bank Credit Enhancements in Securitisation. Federal Reserve Bank of New York Economic Policy Review, 18(2), 35–46.

    Google Scholar 

  • Martin, A., Skeie, D. and von Thadden, E. 2011. Repo Runs. Federal Reserve Bank of New York Staff Report 444.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mathis, J., McAndrews, J. and Rochet, J.C. 2009. Rating the raters: Are reputation concerns powerful enough to discipline rating agencies? Journal of Monetary Economics, 57(5), 657–74.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McCabe, P. 2011. An A-/B-share capital buffer proposal for money market funds. Working Paper.

    Google Scholar 

  • McCabe, P.E., Cipriani, M., Holscher, M. and Martin, A. 2012. The Minimum Balance at Risk A Proposal to Mitigate the Systemic Risks Posed by Money Market Funds. Federal Reserve Bank of New York Staff Report, 564.

    Google Scholar 

  • McCulley, P. 2007. Teton Reflections. PIMCO Global Central Bank Focus.

    Google Scholar 

  • Merton, R.C. 1977. An Analytical Derivation of the Cost of Deposit Insurance and Loan Guarantees. Journal of Banking and Finance, 1, 3–11.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Merton, R.C. and Bodie, Z. 1993. Deposit Insurance Reform: A Functional Approach. Carnegie-Rochester Conference Series Public Policy 38, 1–34.

    Google Scholar 

  • Passmore, W., Sherlund, S.M. and Burgess, G. 2005. The Effect of Housing Government-Sponsored Enterprises on Mortgage Rates. Real Estate Economics, 33(3), 427–463.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pozsar, Zoltan. 2008. The Rise and Fall of the Shadow Banking System. Available at http://www.economy.com/sbs.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pozsar, Z., Adrian, T., Ashcraft, A.B. and Boesky, H. 2010. Shadow Banking. Federal Reserve Bank of New York Staff Report, 458. Available at http://www.newyorkfed.org/research/staff_reports/sr458.pdf.

  • Rajan, R. 2005. Has Financial Development Made the World Riskier? Proceedings of the Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City Economics Symposium, 313–69.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ricks, M. 2010. Shadow Banking and Financial Regulation. Columbia Law and Economics Working Paper 370.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rockoff, H. 1991. “Lessons from the American Experience with Free Banking” in Unregulated Banking: Chaos or Order?” edited by Forrest Capie and Geofrey Wood. London: Macmillan Academic and Professional.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schwarcz, S. 2012. Regulating Shadow Banking. Boston University Review of Banking and Financial Law.

    Google Scholar 

  • Squam Lake Group. 2011. Reforming Money Market Funds. Squam Lake Group Staff Report.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stein, J. 2010. Securitisation, Shadow Banking, and Financial Fragility. Daedalus, 139(4), 41–51.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sunderam, A. 2012. Money Creation and the Shadow Banking System. Harvard Business School Working Paper.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tucker, P. 2010. Shadow banking, financing markets and financial stability. Remarks by Mr Paul Tucker, Deputy Governor for Financial Stability at the Bank of England, at a Bernie Gerald Cantor (BGC) Partners Seminar, London, 21 January 2010.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wermers, R. 2011. Runs on Money Market Mutual Funds. University of Maryland Working Paper.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wiggers, T. and Ashcraft, A.B. 2012. Defaults and Losses on Commercial Real Estate Bonds during the Great Depression Era. Federal Reserve Bank of New York Staff Report, 544.

    Google Scholar 

  • Xia, H. and Strobl, G. 2012. The Issuer-Pays Rating Model and Ratings Inflation: Evidence from Corporate Credit Ratings. SSRN Working Paper.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Copyright information

© 2016 The Editor(s)

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Adrian, T., Ashcraft, A.B. (2016). shadow banking: a review of the literature. In: Jones, G. (eds) Banking Crises. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137553799_29

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics