Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Air Pollution

  • Reference work entry
  • First Online:
Encyclopedia of Remote Sensing

Part of the book series: Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series ((EESS))

  • 413 Accesses

Synonyms

Air quality

Definitions

Ozone. A gaseous form of oxygen with three atoms per molecule. Ozone is a bluish gas that is harmful to breathe. Nearly 90 % of the Earth’s ozone is in the stratosphere and is referred to as the ozone layer. High concentrations of ozone in the lower troposphere make up one of the components of air pollution.

Troposphere. The portion of the atmosphere, which extends outward about 10–20 km from the Earth’s surface and in which generally temperature decreases rapidly with altitude, clouds form, and convection and weather are active.

Stratosphere. The region of the Earth’s atmosphere extending from the tropopause to about 50 km (31 miles) above the Earth’s surface. The stratosphere is characterized by the presence of ozone gas (in the ozone layer) and by temperatures that rise slightly with altitude, due to the absorption of ultraviolet radiation by ozone.

Aerosols. An aerosol is a suspension of fine solid particles or liquid droplets in a gas. Some...

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 329.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 329.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Bibliography

  • Beirle, S., Platt, U., Wenig, M., and Wagner, T., 2003. Weekly cycle of NO2 by GOME measurements: a signature of anthropogenic sources. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 3, 2225–2232.

    Google Scholar 

  • Boersma, K. F., Eskes, H. J., and Brinksma, E. J., 2004. Error analysis for tropospheric NO2 retrieval from space. Journal of Geophysical Research, 109, D043011, doi:10.1029/2003JD003962.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bovensmann, H., Burrows, J. P., Buchwitz, M., Frerick, J., Noel, S., Rozanov, V. V., Chance, K. V., and Goede, A. P. H., 1999. SCIAMACHY: mission objectives and measurement modes. Journal of Atmospheric Science, 56, 127–150.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bucsela, E. J., Celarier, E. A., Wenig, M. O., Gleason, J. F., Veefkind, J. P., Boersma, K. F., and Brinksma, E. J., 2006. Algorithm for NO2 vertical column retrieval from the ozone monitoring instrument. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 44, 1245–1258.

    Google Scholar 

  • Burrows, J. P., Weber, M., Buchwitz, M., Razonov, V., Ladstatter, A., Richter, A., De Beerk, R., Hoogen, R., Bramsdted, D., Eichmann, K. U., Eisenger, M., and Perner, D., 1999. The global ozone monitoring experiment (GOME): mission concept and first scientific results. Journal of Atmospheric Sciences, 56, 151–175.

    Google Scholar 

  • Callies, J., Corpaccioli, E., Eisinger, M., Lefebvre, A., Munro, R., Perez-Albinan, A., Ricciarelli, B., Calamai, L., Gironi, G., Veratti, R., Otter, G., Eschen, M., and van Riel, L., 2003. GOME-2 the ozone instrument on-board the European METOP satellites. Proceedings of SPIE, 5158, 1–11.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carn, S. A., Krueger, A. J., Krotkov, N. A., Yang, K., and Levelt, P. F., 2007. Sulfur dioxide emissions from Peruvian copper smelters detected by the ozone monitoring instrument. Geophysical Research Letters, 34, L09801, doi:10.1029/2006GL029020.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chance, K. V., Burrows, J. P., Perner, D., and Schneider, W., 1997. Satellite measurements of atmospheric ozone profiles, including tropospheric ozone, from ultraviolet/visible measurements in the nadir geometry: a potential method to retrieve tropospheric ozone. Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer, 51, 461–476.

    Google Scholar 

  • Clerbaux, C., Boynard, A., Clarisse, L., George, M., Hadji-Lazaro, J., Herbin, H., Hurtmans, D., Pommier, M., Razavi, A., Turquety, S., Wespes, C., and Coheur, P.-F., 2009. Monitoring of atmospheric composition using the thermal infrared IASI/MetOp sounder. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 9, 6041–6054.

    Google Scholar 

  • Connors, V. S., Gormsen, B. B., Nolf, S., and Reichle, H. G., Jr., 1999. Spaceborne observations of the global distribution of carbon monoxide in the middle troposphere during April and October 1994. Journal of Geophysical Research, 104, 21455–21470.

    Google Scholar 

  • Deeter, M. N., Emmons, L. K., Francis, G. L., Edwards, D. P., Gille, J. C., Warner, J. X., Khattatov, B., Ziskin, D., Lamarque, J.-F., Ho, S.-P., Yudin, V., Attié, J.-L., Packman, D., Chen, J., Mao, D., and Drummond, J. R., 2003. Operational carbon monoxide retrieval algorithm and selected results for the MOPITT instrument. Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres, 108, 4399.

    Google Scholar 

  • Deeter, M. N., Edwards, D. P., Gille, J. C., and Drummond, J. R., 2009. CO retrievals based on MOPITT near-infrared observations. Journal of Geophysical Research, 114, D04303, doi:10.1029/2008JD010872.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Eisinger, M., and Burrows, J. P., 1998. Tropospheric sulfur dioxide observed by the ERS-2 GOME instrument. Geophysical Research Letters, 25, 4177–4180.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fishman, J., Watson, C. E., Larsen, J. C., and Logan, J. A., 1990. Distribution of tropospheric ozone determined from satellite data. Journal of Geophysical Research, 95, 3599–3617.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fishman, J., et al., 2008. Remote sensing of tropospheric pollution from space. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 89, 805–821, doi:10.1175/2008BAMS2526.1.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hadji-Lazaro, J., Clerbaux, C., and Thiria, S., 1999. An inversion algorithm using neural networks to retrieve atmospheric CO total columns from high-resolution nadir radiances. Journal of Geophysical Research, 104, 23841–23854.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jourdain, L., Worden, H. M., Worden, J. R., Bowman, K., Li, Q., Eldering, A., Kulawik, S. S., Osterman, G., Boersma, K. F., Fisher, B., Rinsland, C. P., Beer, R., and Gunson, M., 2007. Tropospheric vertical distribution of tropical Atlantic ozone observed by TES during the northern African biomass burning season. Geophysical Research Letters, 34, L04810, doi:10.1029/2006GL028284.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Keim, C., et al., 2009. Tropospheric ozone from IASI: comparison of different inversion algorithms and validation with ozone sondes in the northern middle latitudes. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (Discussion), 9, 11441–11479.

    Google Scholar 

  • Krotkov, N. A., et al., 2008. Validation of SO2 retrievals from the ozone monitoring instrument over NE China. Journal of Geophysical Research, 113, D16S40, doi:10.1029/2007JD008818.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Krueger, A. J., 1983. Sighting of El Chich’on sulfur dioxide clouds with the Nimbus 7 total ozone mapping spectrometer. Science, 220, 1377–1379.

    Google Scholar 

  • Krueger, A. J., Walter, L. S., Bhartia, P. K., Schnetzler, C. C., Krotkov, N. A., Sprod, I., and Bluth, G. J. S., 1995. Volcanic sulfur dioxide measurements from the total ozone mapping spectrometer instruments. Journal of Geophysical Research, D100, 14057–14076.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lee, C., Richter, A., Weber, M., and Burrows, J. P., 2008. SO2 retrieval from SCIAMACHY using the weighting function DOAS (WFDOAS) technique: comparison with standard DOAS retrieval. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 8, 6137–6145.

    Google Scholar 

  • Liu, X., et al., 2006. First directly retrieved global distribution of tropospheric column ozone from GOME: comparison with the GEOS-CHEM model. Journal of Geophysical Research, 111, D02308, doi:10.1029/2005JD006564.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Liu, X., Bartia, P. K., Chance, K., Spurr, R. J. D., and Kurosu, T. P., 2010. Abstract ozone profile retrievals from the ozone monitoring instrument. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions, 9, 22693–22738.

    Google Scholar 

  • Logan, J. A., Megretskaia, I., Nassar, R., Murray, L. T., Zhang, L., Bowman, K. W., Worden, H. M., and Luo, M., 2008. Effects of the 2006 El Niño on tropospheric composition as revealed by data from the tropospheric emission spectrometer (TES). Geophysical Research Letters, 35, L03816, doi:10.1029/2007GL031698.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Martin, R. V., 2008. Satellite remote sensing of surface air quality.Atmospheric Environment, 42, 7823–7843.

    Google Scholar 

  • Martin, R.V., and Coauthors, 2002. An improved retrieval of tropospheric nitrogen dioxide from GOME. Journal of Geophysical Research, 107, 4437, doi:10.1029/2001JD001027

    Google Scholar 

  • McMillan, W. W., Barnet, C., Strow, L., Chahine, M. T., McCourt, M. L., Warner, J. X., Novelli, P. C., Korontzi, S., Maddy, E. S., and Datta, S., 2005. Daily global maps of carbon monoxide from NASA’s atmospheric infrared sounder. Geophysical Research Letters, 32, L11801, doi:10.1029/2004GL021821.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McPeters, R. D., 1993. The atmospheric SO2 budget for Pinatubo de-rived from NOAA-11 SBUV/2 spectral data. Geophysical Research Letters, 20, 1971–1974.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pittman, J. V., Pan, L. L., Wei, J. C., Irion, F. W., Liu, X., Maddy, E. S., Barnet, C. D., Chance, K., and Gao, R.-S., 2009. Evaluation of AIRS, IASI, and OMI ozone profile retrievals in the extratropical tropopause region using in situ aircraft measurements. Journal of Geophysical Research, 114, D24109, doi:10.1029/2009JD012493.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Reichle, H. G., et al., 1999. Space shuttle based global CO measurements during April and October 1994, MAPS instrument, data reduction, and data validation. Journal of Geophysical Research, 104, 21443–21454.

    Google Scholar 

  • Richter, A., and Burrows, J. P., 2002. Tropospheric NO2 from GOME measurements. Advances in Space Research, 29, 1673–1683.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rinsland, C. P., Luo, M., Logan, J. A., Beer, R., Worden, H. M., Worden, J. R., Bowman, K., Kulawik, S. S., Rider, D., Osterman, G., Gunson, M., Goldman, A., Shephard, M., Clough, S. A., Rodgers, C., Lampel, M., and Chiou, L., 2006. Nadir Measurements of carbon monoxide distributions by the tropospheric emission spectrometer onboard the Aura spacecraft: overview of analysis approach and examples of initial results. Geophysical Research Letters, 33, L22806, doi:10.1029/2006GL027000.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Worden, H. M., Logan, J., Worden, J. R., Beer, R., Bowman, K., Clough, S. A., Eldering, A., Fisher, B., Gunson, M. R., Herman, R. L., Kulawik, S. S., Lampel, M. C., Luo, M., Megretskaia, I. A., Osterman, G. B., and Shephard, M. W., 2007. Comparisons of tropospheric emission spectrometer (TES) ozone profiles to ozonesodes: methods and initial results. Journal of Geophysical Research, 112, D03309, doi:10.1029/2006JD007258.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Worden, H. M., Deeter, M. N., Edwards, D. P., Gille, J. C., 2009. Multispectral retrieval of CO from MOPITT. Eos Transactions, AGU, 90, Fall meeting supplement, Abstract U33B–0059.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yang, K., Krotkov, N. A., Krueger, A. J., Carn, S. A., Bhartia, P. K., and Levelt, P. F., 2007. Retrieval of large volcanic SO2 columns from the Aura ozone monitoring instrument: comparison and limitations. Journal of Geophysical Research, 112, D24S43, doi:10.1029/2007JD008825.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang, L., et al., 2006. Ozone-CO correlations determined by the TES satellite instrument in continental outflow regions. Geophysical Research Letters, 33, L18804, doi:10.1029/2006GL026399.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgment

The research to prepare this entry was carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with NASA.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA

    Annmarie Eldering

Authors
  1. Annmarie Eldering
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA

    Eni G. Njoku

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2014 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this entry

Cite this entry

Eldering, A. (2014). Air Pollution. In: Njoku, E.G. (eds) Encyclopedia of Remote Sensing. Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-36699-9_7

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation