Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

The influence of the type of thickening agent on the properties and effectiveness of water-gel explosives

  • Rock Breaking
  • Published:
Soviet mining science Aims and scope

Conclusions

  1. 1.

    The structural strengths of solutions of polyacrylamide, guar gum, and KMTs saturated with ammonium nitrate increase with the thickener concentration. For concentrations above 1.5% the strongest structure is that of polyacrylamide (PAA) solutions.

  2. 2.

    The greatest degree of swelling in the presence of ammonium nitrate is possessed by PAA; however, it swells slower than guar gum of KMTs by a factor of 2–2.5.

  3. 3.

    The investigated thickener gels retard the diffusion of ammonium nitrate; however, KMTs gels are more permeable to diffusing nitrate than PAA and guar gum gels.

  4. 4.

    PAA imparts high stability to water gel explosives with respect to demixing, in comparison with KMTs.

  5. 5.

    The greatest water resistance is that of compositions thickened with PAA; their nitrate losses are less than those of KMTs-based or guar gum-based compositions by factors of 2–2.5 and 1.3–1.4, respectively.

  6. 6.

    Akvatols based on PAA, guar gum, and KMTs posses high density, which is practically independent of the thickener type.

  7. 7.

    The chemical stabilities of Akvatol compositions with aluminum based on purified KMTs, guar gum, and PAA are similar and greater than those of compositions based on commercial KMTs.

  8. 8.

    The type of thickener does not affect the sensitivity of Akvatol 65/35 to mechanical actions.

  9. 9.

    New grades of Akvatol, developed on the basis of PAA and tested in industrial conditions, have high water resistance and density, and can replace costly explosives used to charge waterlogged blast holes.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

Literature Cited

  1. A. K. Bakhtin and N. V. Selivanova, Gornyi Zhurnal, No. 9 (1971).

  2. P. A. Rebinder, Physicochemical Mechanics—a New Frontier of Science [in Russian], Znanie, Moscow (1958).

    Google Scholar 

  3. R. V. Robinson, “Water gel explosives—three generations,” Canad. Mining and Metallurg. Bull., No. 692, 62 (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  4. P. A. Rebinder, in: Trudy Instituta Fizicheskoi Khimii Akad. Nauk SSSR, No. 1, Moscow (1950).

  5. A. P. Pisarenko, K. A. Pospelova, and A. G. Yakovlev, Course of Colloid Chemistry [in Russian], Vysshaya Shkola, Moscow (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  6. B. S. Svetlov and R. N. Solntseva, in: Vzryvnoe Delo, No. 52/9, Gosgortekhizdat, Moscow (1963).

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. All-Union Scientific-Research Institute of Nonferrous Metallurgy, Ust'-Kamenogorsk, Russia

    A. K. Bakhtin & N. V. Selivanova

Authors
  1. A. K. Bakhtin
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. N. V. Selivanova
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Additional information

Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 1, pp. 48–53, January–February, 1974.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Bakhtin, A.K., Selivanova, N.V. The influence of the type of thickening agent on the properties and effectiveness of water-gel explosives. Soviet Mining Science 10, 42–46 (1974). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02501604

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02501604

Keywords

Search

Navigation