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Comparison of myeloablative and reduced intensity conditioning unrelated donor allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplant outcomes for AML using thymoglobulin for GVHD prophylaxis

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Abstract

A head-to-head comparison of outcomes of unrelated donor allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation for AML between reduced intensity conditioning (RIC) and myeloablative conditioning (MAC) regimens using thymoglobulin for GVHD prophylaxis is limited. We evaluated outcomes of 122 AML patients who received either busulfan (Bu)/fludarabine (Flu)/low-dose total body irradiation (TBI) as RIC (n = 64, 52%) or Bu/Flu as MAC (n = 58, 48%), and thymoglobulin 4.5 mg/kg total dose between day − 3 to − 1 for GVHD prophylaxis. Grades III–IV acute GVHD (aGVHD) was lower with Bu/Flu/TBI compared with Bu/Flu (6.2% vs 26.1%, p = 0.009). At 1 year, Bu/Flu/TBI was associated with similar chronic GVHD (41.2% vs 44.8%, p = 0.75), OS (61.9% vs 56.9%, p = 0.69), relapse rate (29.9% vs 20.7%, p = 0.24), relapse-free survival (52.8% vs 50%, p = 0.80), non-relapse mortality (17.4% vs 29.3%, p = 0.41), and GVHD-free relapse-free survival (24.2% vs 27.5%, p = 0.80) compared with Bu/Flu. Multivariable analysis did not reveal any difference in outcomes between both regimens. In summary, thymoglobulin at 4.5 mg/kg did not have any adverse impact on survival when used with RIC regimen. Both Bu/Flu/TBI and Bu/Flu conditioning regimens yielded similar survival.

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  1. Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute/Wayne State University, 4100 John R, HW04H0, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA

    Dipenkumar Modi, Vijendra Singh, Lois Ayash, Abhinav Deol, Voravit Ratanatharathorn & Joseph P. Uberti

  2. Biostatistics Core, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Department of Oncology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA

    Seongho Kim

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  1. Dipenkumar Modi
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We presented the abstract at the 61st annual meeting of American Society of Hematology (ASH), Orlando, FL, 9 December 2019.

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Fig. S1

Cumulative incidence curves for extensive chronic GVHD (cGVHDE) with disease relapse or death as competing risks by conditioning regimen (PNG 1981 kb)

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Modi, D., Singh, V., Kim, S. et al. Comparison of myeloablative and reduced intensity conditioning unrelated donor allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplant outcomes for AML using thymoglobulin for GVHD prophylaxis. Ann Hematol 100, 969–978 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00277-021-04445-8

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