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T1 mapping and cardiac magnetic resonance feature tracking in mitral valve prolapse

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Abstract

Objectives

T1 mapping (T1-map) and cardiac magnetic resonance feature tracking (CMR-FT) techniques have been introduced for the early detection of interstitial myocardial fibrosis and deformation abnormalities. We sought to demonstrate that T1-map and CMR-FT may identify the presence of subclinical myocardial structural changes in patients with mitral valve prolapse (MVP).

Methods

Consecutive MVP patients with moderate-to-severe mitral regurgitation and comparative matched healthy subjects were prospectively enrolled and underwent CMR-FT analysis to calculate 2D global and segmental circumferential (CS) and radial strain (RS) and T1-map to determine global and segmental native T1 (nT1) values.

Results

Seventy-three MVP patients (mean age, 57 ± 13 years old; male, 76%; regurgitant volume, 57 ± 21 mL) and 42 matched control subjects (mean age, 56 ± 18 years; male, 74%) were included. MVP patients showed a lower global CS (− 16.3 ± 3.4% vs. − 17.8 ± 1.9%, p = 0.020) and longer global nT1 (1124.9 ± 97.7 ms vs. 1007.4 ± 26.1 ms, p < 0.001) as compared to controls. Moreover, MVP patients showed lower RS and CS in basal (21.6 ± 12.3% vs. 27.6 ± 8.9%, p = 0.008, and − 13.0 ± 6.7% vs. − 14.9 ± 4.1%, p = 0.013) and mid-inferolateral (20.6 ± 10.7% vs. 28.4 ± 8.7%, p < 0.001, and − 12.8 ± 6.3% vs. − 16.5 ± 4.0%, p < 0.001) walls as compared to other myocardial segments. Similarly, MVP patients showed longer nT1 values in basal (1080 ± 68 ms vs. 1043 ± 43 ms, p < 0.001) and mid-inferolateral (1080 ± 77 ms vs. 1034 ± 37 ms, p < 0.001) walls as compared to other myocardial segments. Of note, nT1 values were significantly correlated with CS (r, 0.36; p < 0.001) and RS (r, 0.37; p < 0.001) but not with regurgitant volume.

Conclusions

T1-map and CMR-FT identify subclinical left ventricle tissue changes in patients with MVP. Further studies are required to correlate these subclinical tissue changes with the outcome.

Key Points

• T1 mapping (T1-map) and cardiac magnetic resonance feature tracking (CMR-FT) techniques have been introduced for the early detection of interstitial myocardial fibrosis and deformation abnormalities.

• In MVP patients, we demonstrated a longer global nT1 with associated reduced global circumferential (CS) and radial strain (RS) as compared to control subjects.

• Among MVP patients, the mid-basal left ventricle inferolateral wall showed longer nT1 with reduced CS and RS as compared to other myocardial segments. Further studies are required to correlate these subclinical tissue changes with the outcome.

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Abbreviations

CMR:

Cardiac magnetic resonance

CS:

Circumferential strain

FT:

Feature tracking

LS:

Longitudinal strain

LV:

Left ventricle

MAD:

Mitral annular disjunction

MR:

Mitral regurgitation

MVP:

Mitral valve prolapse

nT1:

Native T1 value

RS:

Radial strain

SCD:

Sudden cardiac death

T1-map:

T1 mapping

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Funding

The authors state that this work has not received any funding.

Author information

Author notes

  1. Marco Guglielmo and Laura Fusini equally contributed as first authors.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Department of Cardiovascular Imaging, Via C. Parea 4, 20138, Milan, Italy

    Marco Guglielmo, Laura Fusini, Giuseppe Muscogiuri, Andrea Baggiano, Manuela Muratori, Gloria Tamborini, Alberico Del Torto, Giacomo Viani, Saima Mushtaq, Edoardo Conte, Giorgia Bonalumi, Paola Gripari, Marco Zanobini, Daniele Andreini, Francesco Alamanni, Mauro Pepi & Gianluca Pontone

  2. Divisione di Cardiologia, Dipartimento di Medicina, Università degli Studi, Verona, Italy

    Francesca Baessato

  3. U.O.C. Cardiologia 1, Ospedale di Circolo e Fondazione Macchi, Università degli Studi, Varese, Italy

    Antonella Loffreno

  4. Dipartimento di Medicina, Istituto di Radiologia, Università degli Studi, Padua, Italy

    Annachiara Cavaliere & Giulia Rizzon

  5. Loyola University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA

    Mark G. Rabbat

  6. Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, IL, USA

    Mark G. Rabbat

  7. Division of Cardiology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy

    Ludovica M. L. Danza

  8. Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy

    Alberico Del Torto, Giacomo Viani, Daniele Andreini & Francesco Alamanni

  9. Cardiovascular Institute, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Ferrara, Cona, FE, Italy

    Elisabetta Tonet

  10. Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University Hospital Policlinico of Bari, Bari, Italy

    Andrea I. Guaricci

Authors
  1. Marco Guglielmo
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  2. Laura Fusini
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  3. Giuseppe Muscogiuri
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  11. Gloria Tamborini
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  15. Giacomo Viani
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Gianluca Pontone.

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Guarantor

The scientific guarantor of this publication is Gianluca Pontone.

Conflict of interest

Gianluca Pontone declares institutional research grant and/or honorarium as speaker from General Electric, Bracco, Medtronic, Bayer, and Heartflow. Daniele Andreini declares institutional research grant and/or honorarium as speaker from General Electric, Bracco, and Heartflow. The other authors have no disclosure.

Statistics and biometry

One of the authors (Laura Fusini) has significant statistical expertise.

Informed consent

Written informed consent was obtained from all subjects (patients) in this study.

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Institutional Review Board approval was obtained.

Methodology

• Prospective, observational study

• performed at one institution

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Figure S1

Dot plot of radial strain (Upper Row), circumferential strain (Middle row) and native T1 values (Lower row) of the basal (left panel) and mid (right panel) inferolateral segments of the left ventricle versus other segments in MVP patients and controls. MVP: mitral valve prolapse; *:p < 0.05 MVP patients vs. control subjects (PPTX 132 kb)

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Guglielmo, M., Fusini, L., Muscogiuri, G. et al. T1 mapping and cardiac magnetic resonance feature tracking in mitral valve prolapse. Eur Radiol 31, 1100–1109 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-020-07140-w

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-020-07140-w

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