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Investigating the effects of healthy cognitive aging on brain functional connectivity using 4.7 T resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging

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Abstract

Functional changes in the aging human brain have been previously reported using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Earlier resting-state fMRI studies revealed an age-associated weakening of intra-system functional connectivity (FC) and age-associated strengthening of inter-system FC. However, the majority of such FC studies did not investigate the relationship between age and network amplitude, without which correlation-based measures of FC can be challenging to interpret. Consequently, the main aim of this study was to investigate how three primary measures of resting-state fMRI signal—network amplitude, network topography, and inter-network FC—are affected by healthy cognitive aging. We acquired resting-state fMRI data on a 4.7 T scanner for 105 healthy participants representing the entire adult lifespan (18–85 years of age). To study age differences in network structure, we combined ICA-based network decomposition with sparse graphical models. Older adults displayed lower blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) signal amplitude in all functional systems, with sensorimotor networks showing the largest age differences. Our age comparisons of network topography and inter-network FC demonstrated a substantial amount of age invariance in the brain’s functional architecture. Despite architecture similarities, old adults displayed a loss of communication efficiency in our inter-network FC comparisons, driven primarily by the FC reduction in frontal and parietal association cortices. Together, our results provide a comprehensive overview of age effects on fMRI-based FC.

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Data availability

For confidentiality reasons, imaging data are not publicly available.

Code availability

Most of the analyses were conducted using freely available imaging software. We are willing to share some of our in-house analysis scripts upon request.

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Acknowledgements

This project was supported by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) operating grant (MOP11501) and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) operating grant (06186) to N.V.M. S.H. was supported by the CIHR Doctoral Scholarship. The work of I.C. was partially supported by the NSERC operating grant (06638) and the Xerox Faculty Fellowship, Alberta School of Business.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada

    Stanislau Hrybouski, Ivor Cribben & Nikolai V. Malykhin

  2. Department of Accounting and Business Analytics, Alberta School of Business, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada

    Ivor Cribben

  3. Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK

    John McGonigle

  4. Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada

    Fraser Olsen, Peter Seres & Nikolai V. Malykhin

  5. Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2V2, Canada

    Rawle Carter & Nikolai V. Malykhin

  6. School of Psychology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK

    Christopher R. Madan

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Contributions

Conceptualization: SH and NVM; data collection: FO, PS, RC and NVM; data analysis: SH, IC, JM, CRM and NVM; manuscript writing, SH and NVM. All the co-authors reviewed and approved the final version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Nikolai V. Malykhin.

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Hrybouski, S., Cribben, I., McGonigle, J. et al. Investigating the effects of healthy cognitive aging on brain functional connectivity using 4.7 T resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. Brain Struct Funct 226, 1067–1098 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00429-021-02226-7

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