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Effects of perceived stress and resilience on suicidal behaviors in early adolescents

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Abstract

Suicidal behaviors are significant public health issues. The aim of the current study is to examine the effects of perceived stress and resilience on suicidal ideation (SI), plan (SP), and attempt (SA) among early adolescents. A longitudinal study was conducted with data collected from 1035 junior high-school students at baseline and 1-year follow-up. Participants were assessed for suicidal behaviors, resilience, and perceived stress. Logistic regression was performed to analyze for the associations between independent variables and suicidal behaviors. 210 (20.3%) of the participants reported to have SI, 59 (5.7%) had SP, and 49 (4.7%) had SA at baseline. Perceived stress was a strong risk factor (p < 0.001) for SI (OR 1.16–1.18), SP (OR 1.20–1.21), and SA (OR 1.12–1.16) while accounting for different dimensions of resilience. Students with persistent high stress during the 1-year follow-up period had significantly increased risk of SI (OR 7.14–9.64), SP (OR 3.92–6.37), and SA (OR 3.76–3.84) than the persistent low-stress group (p < 0.01). Increased perceived stress scale (PSS) (OR 2.89–3.15) and decreased PSS (OR 2.47) also had a higher risk for SI than persistent low PSS group. Moreover, students with high perceived stress who reported to have higher hope and optimism were less likely to show SI (OR 0.90, p = 0.001) and SP (OR 0.87, p = 0.002) at baseline, and the problem-solving and cognitive maturity mature dimension of resilience showed a significant protective effect on SP longitudinally (OR 0.25, p = 0.003). Perceived stress substantially increased the risk for suicidal behaviors, and moderates the protective effect of resilience on suicide. Considering both risk and protective factors of suicidal behaviors is essential in designing future suicide prevention and intervention programs.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by Ministry of Science of Technology grant (NSC101-2314-B-002–184-MY3; MOST 105–2628-B-002–028-MY3). We thank for all the participants in the study and Mei-Hsin Su, Pei-Chen Chu, Jen-Hsiu Shen, and Wen-Hsuan Chiu who assisted for data collection.

Funding

The funding has beeb received from Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (TW) with Grant No. NSC101- 2314-B-002-184- MY3; Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (TW) with Grant No. MST 105-2628-B-002-028-MY3.

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  1. Department of Public Health and Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Rm.521, No.17, XuZhou Rd., Taipei City, 100, Taiwan

    Yun-Ling Chen & Po-Hsiu Kuo

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Correspondence to Po-Hsiu Kuo.

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Informed consent was taken from all the students and their parents.

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This study was approved by the ethical committee of National Taiwan University Hospital (No. 201202053RIC).

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Chen, YL., Kuo, PH. Effects of perceived stress and resilience on suicidal behaviors in early adolescents. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 29, 861–870 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-019-01401-w

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