Skip to main content

Advertisement

Log in

Tracing Diverse Pathways to Teaching: Tales of Nontraditional Immigrant Women of Color Becoming Teachers of Young Children

  • Published:
Early Childhood Education Journal Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Situated in New York City, this qualitative case study investigates nontraditional teachers, particularly immigrant women of color, and their diverse pathways into early childhood classrooms. Against the backdrop of the city’s expansion of public preschool programs and its efforts to ensure high quality through narrowly defined measures of professionalization for the early childhood workforce, I traced the lived experiences of nontraditional immigrant women of color, their becoming teachers of young children, and the ways in which their funds of knowledge shape their teaching practice. Findings reveal that although nontraditional immigrant women of color enter teaching with unique and valuable life experiences, they face many challenges in the changing landscape of early childhood education. Implications point towards the importance of cultivating a more diverse teaching force and supporting teachers’ development through culturally responsive and sustaining ways that honor the wealth of knowledge they bring to the benefit of young children and their families, especially those with diverse cultural backgrounds.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Adair, J. K. (2009). Teaching children of immigrants: A multi-sited ethnographic study of preschool teachers in five U.S. cities. Unpublished PhD dissertation, Arizona State University.

  • Adair, J. K. (2011). Confirming Chanclas: What early childhood teacher educators can learn from immigrant preschool teachers. Journal of Early Childhood Teacher Education, 32(1), 55–71.

    Google Scholar 

  • Amanti, C. (2005). Beyond a beads and feathers approach. In N. González, L. C. Moll, & C. Amanti (Eds.), Funds of knowledge: Theorizing practices in households, communities and classrooms (pp. 131–141). Mahwah, NJ: L. Erlbaum Associates.

    Google Scholar 

  • Anzaldúa, G. (1987). Borderlands/la frontera: The new mestiza. San Francisco, CA: Aunt Lute Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Barnett, W. S., & Riley-Ayers, S. (2016). Public policy and workforce in early childhood education. In L. J. Couse & S. L. Recchia (Eds.), Handbook of early childhood teacher education (pp. 38–53). New York: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Barnum, M. (2017). Certification rules and tests are keeping would-be teachers of color out of America’s classrooms. Here’s how. Chalkbeat. Retrieved from https://www.chalkbeat.org/posts/us/2017/09/12/certification-rules-and-tests-are-keeping-would-beteachers-of-color-out-of-americas-classrooms-heres-how/

  • Beynon, J., Ilieva, R., & Dichupa, M. (2004). Re-credentialling experiences of immigrant teachers: Negotiating institutional structures, professional identities and pedagogy. Teachers and Teaching, 10(4), 429–444.

    Google Scholar 

  • Black, F. V. (2018). Providing quality early childhood professional development at the intersections of power, race, gender, and dis/ability. Contemporary Issues in Early Childhood, 19(2), 206–211.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cho, C. L. (2010). "Qualifying" as teacher: Immigrant teacher candidates' counter-stories. Canadian Journal of Educational Administration and Policy, 100, 19–22.

    Google Scholar 

  • Couse, L. J., & Recchia, S. L. (2016). Introduction. In L. J. Couse & S. L. Recchia (Eds.), Handbook of early childhood teacher education (pp. 15–20). New York: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cruickshank, K. (2015). A framework for inclusion: Plurilingual teachers in day and community schools. Australian Review of Applied Linguistics, 38(3), 155–171.

    Google Scholar 

  • Delaney, K. K. (2018). Looking away: An analysis of early childhood teaching and learning experiences framed through a quality metric. Contemporary Issues in Early Childhood, 19(2), 167–186.

    Google Scholar 

  • Delaney, K. K., & Neuman, S. B. (2018). Selling Pre-K: Media, politics, and policy in the case of Universal Pre-Kindergarten in New York City. Teachers College Record, 120(4), 1–31.

    Google Scholar 

  • Elbaz-Luwisch, F. (2007). Studying teachers’ lives and experience: Narrative inquiry into K-12 teaching. In J. D. Clandinin (Ed.), Handbook of narrative inquiry: Mapping a methodology (pp. 357–382). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE.

    Google Scholar 

  • Exposito, S., & Bernheimer, S. (2012). Nontraditional students and institutions of higher education: A conceptual framework. Journal of Early Childhood Teacher Education, 33(2), 178–189.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fenech, M., Waniganayake, M., & Fleet, A. (2009). More than a shortage of early childhood teachers: Looking beyond the recruitment of university qualified teachers to promote quality early childhood education and care. Asia-Pacific Journal of Teacher Education, 37(2), 199–213.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fuligni, A. S., Howes, C., Lara-Cinisomo, S., & Karoly, L. (2009). Diverse pathways in early childhood professional development: An exploration of early educators in public preschools, private Preschools, and family child care homes. Early Education & Development, 20(3), 507–526.

    Google Scholar 

  • Garavuso, V. (2016). Reimagining teacher education to attract and retain the early childhood workforce: Addressing the needs of the “nontraditional” student. In L. J. Couse & S. L. Recchia (Eds.), Handbook of early childhood teacher education (pp. 181–194). New York: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gist, C. D., Bianco, M., & Lynn, M. (2019). Examining Grow Your Own programs across the teacher development continuum: Mining research on teachers of color and nontraditional educator pipelines. Journal of Teacher Education, 70(1), 13–25.

    Google Scholar 

  • González, N. (2001). I am my language: Discourses of women and children in the borderlands. Tucson: The University of Arizona Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • González, N., Moll, C. L., & Amanti, C. (2005). Introduction: Theorizing practice. In N. González, L. C. Moll, & C. Amanti (Eds.), Funds of knowledge: Theorizing practices in households, communities and classrooms (pp. 1–24). Mahwah, NJ: L.Erlbaum Associates.

    Google Scholar 

  • Graham, J. (2019, March). Four steps to fix early childhood’s workforce crisis. Apolitical. Retrieved from https://apolitical.co/solution_article/four-steps-to-fix-early-childhoods-workforce-crisis/

  • Gupta, A. (2006). Early experiences and personal funds of knowledge and beliefs of immigrant and minority teacher candidates dialog with theories of child development in a teacher education classroom. Journal of Early Childhood Teacher Education, 27(1), 3–18.

    Google Scholar 

  • Harwood, D., & Tukonic, S. (2016). Babysitter or professional? Perceptions of professionalism narrated by Ontario early childhood sectors. International Electronic Journal of Elementary Education, 8(4), 589–600.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hedges, H. (2012). Teachers’ funds of knowledge: A challenge to evidence-based practice. Teachers and Teaching, 18(1), 7–24.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hordern, J. (2016). Knowledge, practice, and the shaping of early childhood professionalism. European Early Childhood Education Research Journal, 24(4), 508–520.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hyson, M., & Mitchell, M. C. (2016). Accreditation and patterns of licensure: Achieving the potential. In L. J. Couse & S. L. Recchia (Eds.), Handbook of early childhood teacher education (pp. 69–85). New York: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jackson, L. G. (2006). Shaping a borderland professional identity: Funds of knowledge of a bilingual education teacher. Teacher Education and Practice, 19(2), 131–148.

    Google Scholar 

  • Keating, A. (2006). From borderlands and new mestizas to nepantlas and nepantleras: Anzaldúan theories for social change. Human Architecture: Journal of the Sociology of Self-Knowledge, 4(3), 5–16.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kirova, A., Massing, C., Prochner, L., & Cleghorn, A. (2016). Educating early childhood educators in Canada: A bridging program for immigrant and refugee childcare practitioners. Journal of Contemporary Educational Studies, 67(2), 64–82.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ladson-Billing, G. (2009). The dreamkeepers: Successful teachers of African American children. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ladson-Billings, G. (2014). Culturally relevant pedagogy 2.0: A.k.a. the remix. Harvard Educational Review, 81(1), 74–85.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lash, M. J., & Castner, D. J. (2018). Stories of practice: The lived and sometimes clandestine professional experiences of early childhood educators. Contemporary Issues in Early Childhood, 19(2), 93–96. https://doi.org/10.1177/1463949118784437.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mancilla, L., Boals, T., & Castro, M. (2014). DE AQUÍ Y DE ALLÁ: Latino borderland identities. In C. A. Grant & E. Zwier (Eds.), Intersectionality and urban education: Identities, policies, spaces & power (pp. 147–168). Charlotte, NC: Information Age Publishing.

    Google Scholar 

  • Massing, C. (2015). Professional identities: Immigrant and refugee women’s experiences in an early childhood teacher education program. Journal of the Canadian Association for Young Children, 40(1), 73–99.

    Google Scholar 

  • Matthews, H., Ullrich, R., & Cervantes, W. (2018). Immigration policy’s harmful impacts on early care and education. Retrieved from https://www.clasp.org/publications/report/brief/immigration-policy’s-harmfulimpacts-early-care-and-education

  • Merriam, S. B., & Tisdell, E. J. (2016). Qualitative research: A guide to design and implementation (4th ed.). Somerset, NJ: Jossey-Bass.

    Google Scholar 

  • Moll, L. C., Amanti, C., Neff, D., & González, N. (1992). Funds of knowledge for teaching: Using a qualitative approach to connect homes and classrooms. Theory into Practice, 31(2), 132–141.

    Google Scholar 

  • Morales, A. R., & Shroyer, M. G. (2016). Personal agency inspired by hardship: Bilingual Latinas as liberatory educators. International Journal of Multicultural Education, 18(3), 1–21.

    Google Scholar 

  • NYC Department of Education. Retrieved from https://www.schools.nyc.gov/enrollment/enroll-grade-by-grade/pre-k

  • Office of the New York State Comptroller. (2018). An economic snapshot of the Bronx. https://www.osc.state.ny.us/sites/default/files/reports/documents/pdf/2018-11/report-4-2019.pdf

  • Paris, D. (2012). Culturally sustaining pedagogy: A needed change in stance, terminology, and practice. Educational Researcher, 41(3), 93–97.

    Google Scholar 

  • Park, M., McHugh, M., Zong, J., & Batalova, J. (2015). Immigrant and refugee workers in the early childhood field: Taking a closer look. Washington, DC: Migration Policy Institute.

    Google Scholar 

  • Recchia, S. L., & McDevitt, S. (2018). Unraveling universalist perspectives on teaching and caring for infants and toddlers: Finding authenticity in diverse funds of knowledge. Journal of Research in Childhood Education, 31(1), 14–31.

    Google Scholar 

  • Reza-López, E., Huerta Charles, L., & Reyes, L. V. (2014). Nepantlera pedagogy: An axiological posture for preparing critically conscious teachers in the borderlands. Journal of Latinos and Education, 13(2), 107–119.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sachs, J. (2001). Teacher professional identity: Completing discourses, competing outcomes. Journal of Education Policy, 16(2), 149–161.

    Google Scholar 

  • Souto-Manning, M. (2019). “Good teaching” and “good teachers” for whom? Critically troubling standardized and corporatized notions of quality in teacher education. Teachers College Record, 121(10). Retrieved from https://www.tcrecord.org

  • Souto-Manning, M., Buffalo, G., & Rabadi-Raol, A. (2019). Early childhood teacher certification as a site for the re-production of racial and cultural injustice. In S. Kessler & B. B. Swadener (Eds.), Education for social justice in early childhood (pp. 46–57). New York: Teachers College Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Souto-Manning, M., & Dice, J. L. (2007). Reflective teaching in the early years: A case for mentoring diverse educators. Early Childhood Education Journal, 34(6), 425–430.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sugarman, J., & Park, M. (2017). Quality for whom? Supporting diverse children and workers in early childhood quality rating and improvement systems. Washington, DC: Migration Policy Institute.

    Google Scholar 

  • van Manen, M. (2015). Researching lived experience: Human science for an action sensitive pedagogy. New York, NY: Left Coast Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Whitebook, M., McLean, C., Austin, L. J. E., & Edwards, B. (2018). Early childhood workforce index. Berkeley, CA: Center for the Study of Child Care Employment, University of California, Berkeley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wingrave, M., & McMahon, M. (2016). Professionalisation through academicization: Valuing and developing the early years sectors in Scotland. Professional Development in Education, 31(5), 710–731.

    Google Scholar 

  • Woods, T., Hanson, D., Saxton, S., & Simms, M. (2016). Children of immigrants: 2013 state trends update. Washington DC: Urban Institute.

    Google Scholar 

  • Workman, E., Guernesey, L., & Mead, S. (2018). Pre-K teachers and bachelor’s degrees: Envisioning equitable access to high-quality preparation programs. New America. Retrieved from https://www.newamerica.org/education-policy/policy-papers/pre-k-teachers-and-bachelors-degrees/

  • Yin, R. K. (2014). Case study research: Design and methods. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yosso, T. (2005). Whose culture has capital? A critical race theory discussion of community cultural wealth. Race, Ethnicity and Education, 8, 69–91.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Seung Eun McDevitt.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

McDevitt, S.E. Tracing Diverse Pathways to Teaching: Tales of Nontraditional Immigrant Women of Color Becoming Teachers of Young Children. Early Childhood Educ J 49, 325–335 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10643-020-01078-w

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10643-020-01078-w

Keywords

Navigation