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Effect of Y2O3, Nd2O3 or Sm2O3 on the microstructure and electrical properties of ZnVMnNbO varistor ceramics

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Abstract

This study addresses the different effect of doping 0.05 mol% Y2O3, Nd2O3 or Sm2O3 on the microstructure and nonlinear electrical properties of the ZnO–V2O5–MnCO3–Nb2O5 (ZnVMnNbO) ceramic sintered at 930 °C for 3 h using XRD, FESEM, EDS and I–V measurements. The results show the density and the microstructure homogeneity of the ZnVMnNbO ceramic increase with the addition of Y2O3, Nd2O3 or Sm2O3. Meanwhile, REVO4 (RE=Y, Nd or Sm) forms as the new secondary crystalline phase at ZnO grain nodal areas of the ZnVMnNbO ceramic which originally has Zn3(VO4)2, ZnMn2O4 and ZnV2O4 as the secondary phases. The addition of Y2O3 or Sm2O3 can effectively improve the nonlinearity coefficient of the ZnVMnNbO varistor ceramic from 33.6 of the RE-free sample to near 37 by increasing interface state density. In the contrast, Nd2O3 considerably reduces α to 25.9 by decreasing both barrier height (ΦB) and depletion layer width (ω).

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Acknowledgements

This work is supported by the Inner Mongolia Grassland Elites (Cao Yan Ying Cai) Innovation Group Fund. Support from Inner Mongolia Science & Technology Innovation Team of Integrated Exploitation of Bayan Obo Mine Multi-metal Resource (IMUST01) is also fully acknowledged by all authors of the current study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Integrated Exploitation of Bayan Obo Multi-Metal Resources, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, 7# of Arding Street, Kun Du Lun District, The Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Baotou, 014010, People’s Republic of China

    Ming Zhao, Xue Li, Tianyu Li, Yu Shi & Baowei Li

Authors
  1. Ming Zhao
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  2. Xue Li
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  3. Tianyu Li
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  4. Yu Shi
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  5. Baowei Li
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Correspondence to Ming Zhao.

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Zhao, M., Li, X., Li, T. et al. Effect of Y2O3, Nd2O3 or Sm2O3 on the microstructure and electrical properties of ZnVMnNbO varistor ceramics. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 30, 450–456 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-018-0309-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-018-0309-1

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