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Ethanol Conversion to Short-Chain Olefins Over ZSM-5 Zeolite Catalysts Enhanced with P, Fe, and Ni

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Abstract

The ethanol dehydration and subsequent ethylene oligomerization to short-chain olefins using catalysts based on ZSM-5 zeolite was studied in detail. P, Fe, and Ni were added by incipient wetness impregnation on zeolites with two SiO2/Al2O3 molar ratios (50 and 80). The catalysts were characterized by N2 adsorption–desorption, XRD, SEM–EDX, FTIR spectroscopy of adsorbed pyridine, and XPS techniques, while the catalytic activity was evaluated using an isothermal fixed-bed reactor. The impregnation of P, Fe, and Ni significantly improved the formation of the desired C3+ olefins (olefins having three or more C atoms). Particularly, the zeolite with SiO2/Al2O3 molar ratio = 50 and impregnated with P, exhibited the highest selectivity (C3+ olefins > 45 wt% at TOS = 5 h) in comparison with the rest of the evaluated catalysts. On the contrary, catalysts with SiO2/Al2O3 molar ratio = 80 showed lower selectivity to C3+ olefins, producing more side products (i.e. paraffins, aromatics and diethyl-ether).

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Acknowledgements

To National Council of Science and Technology (CONACYT) for the scholarship No. 221945 granted to Ricardo Gil for his doctoral studies. To the BIOTURBOSINA cluster, under support from CONACYT-SENER project No. 248090, for the resources granted to carry out this research. To National Laboratory of Nano and Biomaterials (LANNBIO), CINVESTAV-Mérida, under founding from projects FOMIX Yucatán 2008–108160 CONACYT LAB-2009–01-123913, 292692, 294643, for the facilities to perform the BET and XPS characterization analysis. To UNICAT-FQ-UNAM for the facilities to perform the FTIR acidity characterization. To Tanit Toledano Thompson (UER-CICY) for her technical assistance in SEM–EDX measurements.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Unidad de Energía Renovable, CICY, Parque Científico y Tecnológico de Yucatán, Carretera Sierra Papacal–Chuburná Puerto, Km 5, Sierra Papacal, Mérida, Yucatán, 97302, Mexico

    Ricardo H. Gil-Horán & Juan C. Chavarría-Hernández

  2. Departamento de Física Aplicada, CINVESTAV-IPN, Unidad Mérida, A.P. 73, Cordemex, Mérida, Yucatán, 97310, Mexico

    Patricia Quintana-Owen

  3. UNICAT, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Química, UNAM, Cd. Universitaria, Ciudad de México, 04510, Mexico

    Aída Gutiérrez-Alejandre

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  1. Ricardo H. Gil-Horán
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  2. Juan C. Chavarría-Hernández
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  3. Patricia Quintana-Owen
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Correspondence to Juan C. Chavarría-Hernández.

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Gil-Horán, R.H., Chavarría-Hernández, J.C., Quintana-Owen, P. et al. Ethanol Conversion to Short-Chain Olefins Over ZSM-5 Zeolite Catalysts Enhanced with P, Fe, and Ni. Top Catal 63, 414–427 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11244-020-01229-8

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