Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Growth Parameter Based Control of Cation Disorder in MgSnN2 Thin Films

  • Topical Collection: 62nd Electronic Materials Conference 2020
  • Published:
Journal of Electronic Materials Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

MgSnN\(_2\) thin films have been grown on yttria-stabilized zirconia substrates via plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy and analyzed using reflection high-energy electron diffraction, X-ray diffraction, optical transmission, and cathodoluminescence. By systematically varying the growth parameters, particularly the substrate temperature, Mg:Sn flux ratio, substrate, and nitrogen flow rate, we were able to achieve high quality films and control disorder in the cation sublattice. This control of disorder allows for the ability to adjust the band gap continuously over a wide range of values.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. U.S. Geological Survey. MINERAL COMMODITY SUMMARIES 2019 (2019). https://doi.org/10.3133/70180197

  2. C.H.L. Goodman, I.G. Austin, and A.E. Pengelly, J. Electrochem. Soc. 103(11), 609 (1956). https://doi.org/10.1149/1.2430171

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. J.I. Pankove, E.A. Miller, D. Richman, and J.E. Berkeyheiser, J. Luminesc. 4(1), 63 (1971). https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-2313(71)90009-3

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. A. Punya, W.R.L. Lambrecht, and M. van Schilfgaarde, Phys. Rev. B 84(16), 165204 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.84.165204

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. N. Feldberg, J.D. Aldous, W.M. Linhart, L.J. Phillips, K. Durose, P.A. Stampe, R.J. Kennedy, D.O. Scanlon, G. Vardar, R.L. Field, T.Y. Jen, R.S. Goldman, T.D. Veal, and S.M. Durbin, Appl. Phys. Lett. 103, 4 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4816438

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. L. Lahourcade, N.C. Coronel, K.T. Delaney, S.K. Shukla, N.A. Spaldin, and H.A. Atwater, Adv. Mater. 25(18), 2562 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201204718

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. F. Kawamura, N. Yamada, M. Imai, and T. Taniguchi, Cryst. Res. Technol. 51(3), 220 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1002/crat.201500258

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. R. Qin, H. Cao, L. Liang, Y. Xie, F. Zhuge, H. Zhang, J. Gao, K. Javaid, C. Liu, and W. Sun, Appl. Phys. Lett. 108(14), 142104 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4945728

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. A.N. Fioretti, A. Stokes, M.R. Young, B. Gorman, E.S. Toberer, A.C. Tamboli, and A. Zakutayev, Adv. Electron. Mater. 3(3), 1600544 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1002/aelm.201600544

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. P.C. Quayle, G.T. Junno, K. He, E.W. Blanton, J. Shan, and K. Kash, Phys. Status Solidi (b) 254(8), 1600718 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1002/pssb.201600718

  11. R.A. Makin, N. Senabulya, J. Mathis, N. Feldberg, P. Miska, R. Clarke, and S.M. Durbin, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B Nanotechnol. Microelectron. Mater. Process. Measur. Phenom. 35(2) (2017). https://doi.org/10.1116/1.4978021

  12. A.P. Jaroenjittichai and W.R.L. Lambrecht, Phys. Rev. B 94(12), 125201 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.94.125201

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Inorganic crystal structure database (Fachinformationszentrum and Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, D-7514 Karlsruhe, Germany)

  14. F. Arab, F.A. Sahraoui, K. Haddadi, A. Bouhemadou, and L. Louail, Phase Trans. 89(5), 480 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1080/01411594.2015.1089574

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. R.J. Bruls, H.T. Hintzen, G. de With, R. Metselaar, and J.C. van Miltenburg, J. Phys. Chem. Solids (2001). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3697(00)00258-4

  16. R.A. Makin, K. York, S.M. Durbin, N. Senabulya, J. Mathis, R. Clarke, N. Feldberg, P. Miska, C.M. Jones, Z. Deng, L. Williams, E. Kioupakis, and R.J. Reeves, Phys. Rev. Lett. 122(25), 256403 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.122.256403

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. W.L. Bragg and E.J. Williams, Proc. R. Soc. Lond. Ser. A 145A, 699 (1934). https://doi.org/10.1098/rspa.1934.0132

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. W.L. Bragg and E.J. Williams, Proc. R. Soc. Lond. Ser. A 151A, 540 (1935). https://doi.org/10.1098/rspa.1935.0165

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. A. Ichimiya and P. Cohen, Reflection High-Energy Electron Diffraction (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  20. D. Fang, X. Cheng, Y. Li, and Z. Sun, R. Soc. Chem. 6, 96327 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1039/c6ra13910h

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. N. Feldberg, B. Keen, J.D. Aldous, D.O. Scanlon, P.A. Stampe, and R.J. Kennedy, 2012 38th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC), pp. 2524–2527 (2011)

  22. N. Senabulya, N. Feldberg, R.A. Makin, Y. Yang, G. Shi, C.M. Jones, E. Kioupakis, J. Mathis, R. Clarke, and S.M. Durbin, AIP Adv. 6, 7 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4960109

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. B. Warren, X-Ray Diffraction Dover Books on Physics (Dover Publications, 2012)

  24. R.A. Makin, K. York, S.M. Durbin, and R.J. Reeves, Phys. Rev. B 102(11), 115202 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.102.115202

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. N. Feldberg, ZnSnN\(_{2}\): Growth and characterization of an earth abundant element material with order dependent properties. Ph.D. thesis, University at Buffalo, New York (2015)

  26. C. Biloiu, E. Scime, F. Doss, and I. Biloiu, (IEEE, Baltimore, MD, USA, 2004), pp. 239–239. https://doi.org/10.1109/PLASMA.2004.1339859

  27. M.A. Wistey, S.R. Bank, H.B. Yuen, H. Bae, and J.S. Harris, J. Cryst. Growth 278(1–4), 229 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2004.12.060

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. H. Carrère, A. Arnoult, A. Ricard, and E. Bedel-Pereira, J. Cryst. Growth 243(2), 295 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-0248(02)01527-0

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. H. Carrère, A. Arnoult, E. Bedel-Pereira, and A. Ricard, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B Microelectron. Nanometer Struct. 22(5), 2448 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1116/1.1788681

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. E. Iliopoulos, A. Adikimenakis, E. Dimakis, K. Tsagaraki, G. Konstantinidis, and A. Georgakilas, J. Cryst. Growth 278(1–4), 426 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2005.01.013

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This work stems from studies of disorder in ZnSnN\(_2\) and MgSnN\(_2\), funded in part by the National Science Foundation (Grants DMR-1410915 and DMR-2003581), and by a Western Michigan University Faculty Research and Creativity Activities Award. The authors acknowledge the financial support of the University of Michigan College of Engineering and NSF Grant DMR-1625671, and technical support from the Michigan Center for Materials Characterization.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI, 49008, USA

    Krystal R. York, Robert A. Makin & Steven M. Durbin

  2. Michigan Center for Materials Characterization, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA

    Nancy Senabulya

  3. Applied Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA

    James P. Mathis & Roy Clarke

  4. School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, 8140, New Zealand

    Roger J. Reeves

Authors
  1. Krystal R. York
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Robert A. Makin
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Nancy Senabulya
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. James P. Mathis
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Roy Clarke
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Roger J. Reeves
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Steven M. Durbin
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Krystal R. York.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

York, K.R., Makin, R.A., Senabulya, N. et al. Growth Parameter Based Control of Cation Disorder in MgSnN2 Thin Films. J. Electron. Mater. 50, 2949–2955 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11664-020-08708-4

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11664-020-08708-4

Keywords

Search

Navigation