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Sleeve Gastrectomy Attenuates Diabetic Nephropathy by Upregulating Nephrin Expressions in Diabetic Obese Rats

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Abstract

Purpose

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease, and sleeve gastrectomy (SG) is considered to be an effective strategy to improve pre-existing DN. However, the mechanism remains unknown.

Materials and Methods

Animal model of DN was induced by high-fat diet (HFD) and streptozotocin (STZ). SG or sham surgery was performed and rats were sacrificed at 4, 8, and 12 weeks after surgery. The basic parameters (blood glucose, body weight, kidney weight), indicators of renal function including serum creatinine (Scr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), urine microalbumin, urine creatinine (Ucr), microalbumin creatinine ratio (UACR), ultrastructural changes of glomerulus, and the expression of nephrin gene and protein in glomerular podocytes were compared among groups.

Results

Blood glucose and body weight of SG rats were significantly lower than those of the sham-operated rats, and renal function of SG groups were also significantly improved within the postoperative period of 12 weeks. The results of periodic acid-Schiff staining (PAS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed that glomerular hypertrophy and accumulation of extracellular matrix proteins were significantly alleviated after SG, and the thickness of basement membrane and the fusion or effacement of foot processes were also significantly improved. The mRNA and protein expression of nephrin in SG groups was significantly higher than that in the sham group.

Conclusion

These results suggest that SG attenuates DN by upregulating the expression of nephrin and improving the ultrastructure of glomerular filtration membrane. This study indicates that SG can be used as an available therapeutic intervention for DN.

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Data Availability

Research data of current study is available at Xiong, Yacheng (2020), “Sleeve gastrectomy attenuates diabetic nephropathy by upregulating nephrin expressions in diabetic fatty rats,” Mendeley Data, v1 https://doi.org/10.17632/c3d6sg9c69.1.

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Funding

This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC, Grant Nos .81370496 and 81873647) and Youth Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 81600059).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of General Surgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250014, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China

    Yacheng Xiong, Qian Xu & Rexiati Ruze

  2. Shandong Medical College, Jucai 6# Road, Linyi, 276000, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China

    Wei Zhu

  3. Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China

    Zhibo Yan

  4. Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, People’s Republic of China

    Jianwen Li

  5. Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, 16766#, Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, Shandong Province, China

    Sanyuan Hu, Mingwei Zhong, Yugang Cheng & Guangyong Zhang

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  1. Yacheng Xiong
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  2. Wei Zhu
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Xiong, Y., Zhu, W., Xu, Q. et al. Sleeve Gastrectomy Attenuates Diabetic Nephropathy by Upregulating Nephrin Expressions in Diabetic Obese Rats. OBES SURG 30, 2893–2904 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11695-020-04611-3

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