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The Effect of Cerium Oxide During Pregnancy on the Development of the Testicular Tissue of Newborn NMRI Mice

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Abstract

Cerium(IV) oxide is widely used as a catalyst in all aspects of human life and human beings are exposed to these materials. The purpose of this experimental study was to investigate the effect of CeO2 during pregnancy on alterations in the testis tissue and blood biochemical parameters in newborn mice. Pregnant NMRI mice were divided randomly into five groups (n = 6 for each group) including one control group and 4 treatment groups. Injection of CeO2 solution was administered intraperitoneally at the doses of 10, 25, 80, and 250 mg/kg.bw, respectively, on GD 7 and GD 14. At the end of treatment period, the testicular histological and biochemical parameters of 2- and 6-day-old newborns were analyzed, as well as the biochemical parameters in serum samples of 15-day-old newborns. The number of spermatogonia, Sertoli, and Leydig cells in the testis of the 2-day-old newborn and spermatogonia and Leydig cells in the testis of the 6-day-old newborns in the 250 mg/kg.bw CeO2 treatment group was significantly reduced compared with the control group (P < 0.05). Testis MDA of the 2- and 6-day-old newborns in the treated group receiving 250 mg/kg.bw of CeO2 was significantly higher than the control group (P < 0.001). There was no significant difference between serum MDA and TAC levels between the treated groups with different doses of CeO2 compared with the control group. Therefore, CeO2 given to dams during pregnancy may affect the testicular tissue and blood biochemical parameters in neonates and may be dose-dependent.

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Abbreviations

bw:

Body weight

Ce:

Cerium

CeO2 :

Cerium(IV) oxide

dd:

Double distilled

dpp:

Days post-partum

D2:

2-day-old infant

D6:

6-day-old infant

°C:

Degree centigrade

Fig:

Figure

g:

Gram

GD:

Gestational day

HCL:

Hydrochloric acid

h:

Hour

i.p:

Intraperitoneal

L:

Leydig cells

μl:

Microliter

MDA:

Malondialdehyde concentration

μm:

Micrometer

min:

Minute

mm3 :

Cubic millimeters

mg/kg.bw:

Milligrams per kilogram of body weight

ml:

Milliliter

nm:

Nanometer

nmol:

Nanomolar

KCL:

Potassium chloride

REEs:

Rare earth elements

St:

Sertoli cells

Sp:

Spermatogonia cells

TAC:

Total antioxidant capacity

TCA:

Tricloric acid

TPTZ:

2,4,6Tripyridyl-s-triazine

TBA:

Thiobarbituric acid

V:

Volume

W:

Weight

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Acknowledgments

Eventually, the authors of this article would like to thank Razi Herbal Medicines Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences and Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences for funding, support, and cooperation in this project.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Razi Herbal Medicines Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran

    Afsaneh Nemati & Ali Farhadi

  2. Department of Anatomy, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran

    Cyrus Jalili & Mohammadreza Gholami

  3. Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran

    Mohammadreza Gholami

Authors
  1. Afsaneh Nemati
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  2. Ali Farhadi
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  4. Mohammadreza Gholami
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mohammadreza Gholami.

Ethics declarations

The study was approved by the Institutional Animal Ethics Committee of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran. Ethical clearance number for this study is IR.KUMS.REC.1397.1004.

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Nemati, A., Farhadi, A., Jalili, C. et al. The Effect of Cerium Oxide During Pregnancy on the Development of the Testicular Tissue of Newborn NMRI Mice. Biol Trace Elem Res 195, 196–204 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-019-01836-x

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