Abstract
Modern agricultural efforts are now in search of an efficient, eco-friendly and sustainable approach for enhanced crop production. Nearly 50–60% of seeds lost occurs due to improper technical handling. Seed deterioration manifests itself as reduction in the rate of germination and growth with increased susceptibility to biotic and abiotic stresses. Furthermore, seed ageing is another economic and scientific issue that is associated with an array of internal (structural, physiological and genetic) and external (storage temperature and relative humidity) factors. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are believed to be a key player in ageing phenomenon. However, hydrated storage, or ROS blockers are a few of the conventionally used methods to minimize the ageing process. Recently, exogenous applications of different inorganic nanoparticles (metal and metal oxide) are suggested to revitalize and revive aged seeds. Owing to their special properties of nano-size with high surface area they easily penetrate the seed coat. Exposure of nanoparticles has been suggested to neutralize the excess of ROS to a level that initiates hormonal signaling to support early emergence of radicles from the seeds. Nanotechnology has been well explored to enhance the crops nutritional quality, livestock productivity, plant protection from various stressors and in enhancement of seed quality via nanopesticides and nanofertilizers. Aiming at sustainable agriculture practices with fewer inputs, maximum benefits, ecologically safe and compatible technique the nanotechnology is an efficient approach to counteract problems of seed ageing incurring during storage, which is relatively less explored and unresolved conventionally, in general.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Acharya P, Jayaprakasha GK, Crosby KM, Jifon JL, Patil BS (2019) Green-synthesized nanoparticles enhanced seedling growth, yield, and quality of onion (Allium cepa L.). ACS Sustain Chem Eng 7(17): 14580–14590. https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.9b02180
Adhikari T, Kundu S, Rao AS (2016) Zinc delivery to plants through seed coating with nano-zinc oxide particles. J Plant Nutr 39(1):136–146. https://doi.org/10.1080/01904167.2015.1087562
Ambika S, Sujatha K (2016) Organic seed treatment with seaweed nano powders on physiological quality and enzyme activities in aged seeds of pigeon pea. Bioscan 11(1):353–357
Anandaraj K, Ilakkiya R, Natarajan N (2018) Customizing zinc oxide (ZnO) and silver (Ag) nanoparticles for seed quality enhancement in onion (Allium cepa (Linn) cv. CO (On) 5. Int J Curr Microbiol App Sci 7(11):1522–1530. https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2018.711.175
Anandaraj K, Natarajan N (2017) Effect of nanoparticles for seed quality enhancement in onion [Allium cepa (Linn) cv. CO (On)] 5. Int J Curr Microbiol App Sci 6:3714–3724. https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2017.611.435
Anjum NA, Sofo A, Scopa A, Roychoudhury A, Gill SS, Iqbal M, Lukatkin AS, Pereira E, Duarte AC, Ahmad I (2015) Lipids and proteins-major targets of oxidative modifications in abiotic stressed plants. Environ Sci Pollut Res 22(6):4099–4121. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-014-3917-1
Aslani F, Bagheri S, Julkapli NM, Juraimi AS, Hashemi FSG, Baghdadi A (2014) Effects of engineered nanomaterials on plants growth: an overview. Sci World J 28:948. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/641759
Barreto LC, Garcia QS (2017) Accelerated ageing and subsequent imbibitions affect seed viability and the efficiency of antioxidant system in macaw palm seeds. Acta Physiol Plant 39(3):72. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11738-017-2367-z
Bucholc M, Buchowicz J (1992) Synthesis of extrachromosomal DNA and telomere-related sequences in germinating wheat embryos. Seed Sci Res 2(3):141–146. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0960258500001264
Carvajal M, Alcaraz CF (1998) Why titanium is a beneficial element for plants. J Plant Nutr 21(4):655–664. https://doi.org/10.1080/01904169809365433
Chandra J, Chauhan R, Korram J, Satnami ML, Keshavkant S (2020a) Silica nanoparticle minimizes aluminium imposed injuries by impeding cytotoxic agents and over expressing protective genes in Cicer arietinum. Sci Hortic 260:108885. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2019.108885
Chandra J, Dubey M, Keshavkant S (2020b) Influence of protein damage and proteasome gene expression on the longevity of recalcitrant Madhuca latifolia Roxb. seeds. Botany 98(3):173–183. https://doi.org/10.1139/cjb-2019-0130
Chandra J, Keshavkant S (2018) Desiccation-induced ROS accumulation and lipid catabolism in recalcitrant Madhuca latifolia seeds. Physiol Mol Biol Plants 24(1):75–87. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-017-0487-y
Chandra J, Parkhey S, Keshavkant S (2018) Ageing-regulated changes in genetic integrity of two recalcitrant seeded species having contrasting longevity. Trees 32(1):109–123. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00468-017-1615-6
Chandrasekaran U, Luo X, Wang Q, Shu K (2020) Are there unidentified factors involved in the germination of nanoprimed seeds? Front Plant Sci 11:832. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.00832
Chookhongkha N, Sopondilok T, Photchanachai S (2012) Effect of chitosan and chitosan nanoparticles on fungal growth and chilli seed quality. In I international conference on postharvest pest and disease management in exporting horticultural crops-PPDM2012 973, pp. 231–237
Damir I, Mavi K (2008) Controlled deterioration and accelerated ageing test to estimate the relative storage potential of curcurbit seed lots. Hortscience 43(5):1544–1548. https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTSCI.43.5.1544
Dangi S, Biradarpatil NK, Deshpande VK, Hunje R, Mogali S (2019) Effect of seed treatment with nanoparticles on seed storability of soybean. Int J Curr Microbiol App Sci 8(11):2535–2545. https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2019.811.293
De Souza TAJ, Souza LRR, Franchi LP (2019) Silver nanoparticles: An integrated view of green synthesis methods, transformation in the environment, and toxicity. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 171:691–700. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.12.095
Demidchik V (2015) Mechanisms of oxidative stress in plants: from classical chemistry to cell biology. Environ Exp Bot 109:212–228. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envexpbot.2014.06.021
Divya K, Jisha MS (2018) Chitosan nanoparticles preparation and applications. Environ Chem Lett 16(1):101–112. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10311-017-0670-y
Divya K, Vijayan S, Nair SJ, Jisha MS (2019) Optimization of chitosan nanoparticle synthesis and its potential application as germination elicitor of Oryza sativa L. Int J Biol Macromol 124:1053–1059. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.11.185
Fu YB, Ahmed Z, Diederichsen A (2015) Towards a better monitoring of seed ageing under ex-situ seed conservation. Conserv Physiol 3(1):1–16. https://doi.org/10.1093/conphys/cov026
Gandomani VM, Omidi H (2017) The effect of nano-particle silicon dioxide (SiO2) on improving soybean seed germination under accelerated aging conditions. SST 6(1):193–203. https://doi.org/10.22034/ijsst.2017.113683
Gautam S, Misra P, Shukla PK, Ramteke PW (2016) Effect of copper oxide nanoparticle on the germination, growth and chlorophyll in soybean (Glycine max L.). Vegetos 29:157–160. https://doi.org/10.5958/2229-4473.2016.00050.1
Ghafari H, Razmjoo J (2013) Effect of foliar application of nano-iron oxidase, iron chelate and iron sulphate rates on yield and quality of wheat. Intl J Agron Plant Prod 4(11):2997–3003
Harish M (2017) Influence of seed treatment with nanoparticles on morpho physiological and biochemical changes in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.). Doctoral dissertation, University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Bengaluru
Harish MS, Gowda R, Nethra N (2019) Standardization of nano particles for enhancing groundnut seed quality Cv. ICGV-91114. Int J Pharmacogn Phytochem 8(1):2208–2212
Hoai PT, Tyerman SD, Schnell N, Tucker M, McGaughey SA, Qiu J, Groszmann M, Byrt CS (2020) Deciphering aquaporin regulation and roles in seed biology. J Exp Bot 71(6):1763–1773. https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erz555
Jaganathan GK, Liu B (2014) Traditional method of storing Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan L.) seeds using red soil. Res J Recent Sci 3(10):48–52
Katiyar P, Yadu B, Korram J, Satnami ML, Kumar M, Keshavkant S (2020) Titanium nanoparticles attenuates arsenic toxicity by up-regulating expressions of defensive genes in Vigna radiata L. J Environ Sci (China) 92:18–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2020.02.013
Keshavkant S, Sahu B, Parkhey S (2013) Artificial ageing induced metabolic changes in Cicer arietinum seeds: ROS catabolism, lipid peroxidation, protein carbonylation, nucleic acid integrity and antioxidants. Lambert Academic Publishing, Germany
Khan J, Chandra J, Xalxo R, Korram J, Satnami ML, Keshavkant S (2020) Amelioration of ageing associated alterations and oxidative inequity in seeds of Cicer arietinum by silver nanoparticles. J Plant Growth Regul. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00344-020-10193-2
Korishettar P, Vasudevan SN, Shakuntala NM, Doddagoudar SR, Hiregoudar S, Kisan B (2017) Influence of seed polymer coating with Zn and Fe nanoparticles on storage potential of pigeonpea seeds under ambient conditions. J Appl Nat Sci 9(1):186–191. https://doi.org/10.31018/jans.v9i1.1169
Kumar GD, Raja K, Natarajan N, Govindaraju K, Subramanian KS (2020b) Invigouration treatment of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles for improving the seed quality of aged chilli seeds (Capsicum annum L.). Mater Chem Phys 242:122492. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2019.122492
Kumar VK, Muthukrishnan S, Rajalakshmi R (2020a) Phytostimulatory effect of phytochemical fabricated nanosilver (AgNPs) on Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DC. seed germination: An insight from antioxidative enzyme activities and genetic similarity studies. Curr Plant Biol 23:100158. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpb.2020.100158
Kurek K, Plitta-Michalak B, Ratajczak E (2019) Reactive oxygen species as potential drivers of the seed aging process. Plants 8(6):174. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants8060174
Li R, He J, Xie H, Wang W, Bose SK, Sun Y, Hu J, Yin H (2019) Effects of chitosan nanoparticles on seed germination and seedling growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Int J Biol Macromol 126:91–100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.118
Mahakham W, Sarmah AK, Maensiri S, Theerakulpisut P (2017) Nanopriming technology for enhancing germination and starch metabolism of aged rice seeds using phytosynthesized silver nanoparticles. Sci Rep 7(1):1–21. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-08669-5
Mahakham W, Theerakulpisut P, Maensiri S, Phumying S, Sarmah AK (2016) Environmentally benign synthesis of phytochemicals-capped gold nanoparticles as nanopriming agent for promoting maize seed germination. Sci Total Environ 573:1089–1102. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.08.120
Maithreyee MN, Gowda R (2015) Influence of nanoparticles in enhancing seed quality of aged seeds. Mysore J Agric Sci 49(2):310–313
Mbofung GCY, Goggi AS, Leandro LFS, Mullen RE (2012) Effects of storage temperature and relative humidity on viability and vigor of treated soybean seeds. Crop Sci 53(3):1086–1095. https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2012.09.0530
Mira S, Pirredda M, MartínSánchez M, Marchessi JE, Martín C (2020) DNA methylation and integrity in aged seeds and regenerated plants. Seed Sci Res. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0960258520000021
Mittler R (2017) ROS are good. Trends Plant Sci 22(1):11–19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tplants.2016.08.002
Oenel A, Fekete A, Krischke M, Faul SC, Gresser G, Havaux M, Mueller MJ, Berger S (2017) Enzymatic and non-enzymatic mechanisms contribute to lipid oxidation during seed aging. Plant Cell Physiol 58(5):925–933. https://doi.org/10.1093/pcp/pcx036
Panda D, Mondal S (2020) Seed enhancement for sustainable agriculture: an overview of recent trends. Plant Arch 20(1):2320–2332
Paparella S, Araujo SS, Rossi G, Wijayasinghe M (2015) Seed priming: state of the art and new perspectives. Plant Cell Rep 34(8):1281–1293. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00299-015-1784-y
Parkhey S, Naithani SC, Keshavkant S (2014) Protein metabolism during natural ageing in desiccating recalcitrant seeds of Shorea robusta. Acta Physiol Plant 36(7):1649–1659. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11738-014-1540-x
Patil NB, Sharanagouda H, Doddagoudar SR, Ramachandra CT, Ramappa KT (2018) Effect of rice husk silica nanoparticles on rice (Oryza sativa L.) seed quality. Int J Curr Microbiol App Sci 7(12):3232–3244. https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2018.712.374
Prado JP, Krzyzanowski FC, Martins CC, Vieira RD (2019) Physiological potential of soybean seeds and its relationship to electrical conductivity. J Seed Sci 41(4):407–415. https://doi.org/10.1590/2317-1545v41n4214988
Prasad TNVKV, Sudhakar P, Sreenivasulu Y, Latha P, Munaswamy V, Reddy KR, Sreeprasad TS, Sajanlal PR, Pradeep T (2012) Effect of nanoscale zinc oxide particles on the germination, growth and yield of peanut. J Plant Nutr 35(6):905–927. https://doi.org/10.1080/01904167.2012.663443
Saharan V, Pal A (2016) Chitosan based nanomaterials in plant growth and protection. Springer, New Delhi India
Senthilkumar S (2011) Customizing nanoparticle for the maintenance of seed vigor and viability in black gram (Vigna mungo) cv. VBN 4. M.Sc. Thesis, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore
Sharma D, Kanchi S, Bisetty K (2019) Biogenic synthesis of nanoparticles: a review. Arab J Chem 12(8):3576–3600. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arabjc.2015.11.002
Sheykhbaglou R, Sedghi M, Fathi-Achachlouie B (2018) The effect of ferrous nano-oxide particles on physiological traits and nutritional compounds of soybean (Glycine max L.) seed. An Acad Bras Cienc 90(1):485–494. https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201820160251
Shyla KK, Natarajan N (2014) Customizing zinc oxide, silver and titanium dioxide nanoparticles for enhancing groundnut seed quality. Indian J Sci Technol 7(9):1376–1381
Shyla KK, Natarajan N (2016) Synthesis of inorganic nanoparticles for the enhancement of seed quality in groundnut cv. VRI-2. Adv Res J Crop Improv 7(1):32–39. https://doi.org/10.15740/HAS/ARJCI/7.1/32-39
Siddiqui MH, Al-Whaibi MH (2014) Role of nano-SiO2 in germination of tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum seeds Mill.). Saudi J Biol Sci 21(1):13–17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2013.04.005
Solberg SO, Yndgaard F, Andreasen C, Von Bothmer R, Loskutov IG, Asdal A (2020) Long-term storage and longevity of orthodox seeds: A systematic review. Front Plant Sci 11:1007. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.01007
Solymosi K, Bertrand M (2012) Soil metals, chloroplasts, and secure crop production: a review. Agron Sustain Dev 32(1):245–272. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13593-011-0019-z
Somasundaram G, Bhaskaran M (2017) Standardization of accelerated ageing duration for screening of rice genotypes for seed longevity. Int J Agric Sci 7:397–404
Tamilkumar P, Sivaji M, Vinoth R, Kumar SS, Natarajen N (2016) Customizing zinc oxide nanoparticles for extending seed vigour and viability in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill). Int J Agric Sci 12:186–190. https://doi.org/10.5740/HAS/IJAS/12.2/000-000
Varier A, Vari AK, Dadlani M (2010) The subcellular basis of seed priming. Curr Sci 99(4):450–456
Vellosillo T, Vicente J, Kulasekaran S, Hamberg M, Castresana C (2010) Emerging complexity in reactive oxygen species production and signaling during the response of plants to pathogens. Plant Physiol 154(2):444–448. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.110.16127
Verma SK, Das AK, Gantait S, Kumar V, Gurel E (2019) Applications of carbon nanomaterials in the plant system: a perspective view on the pros and cons. Sci Total Environ 667:485–499. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.02.409
Verma SK, Das AK, Patel MK, Shah A, Kumar V, Gantait S (2018) Engineered nanomaterials for plant growth and development: a perspective analysis. Sci Total Environ 630:1413–1435. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.02.313
Vijay D, Dadlani M, Kumar PA, Panguluri SK (2009) Molecular marker analysis of differentially aged seeds of soybean and safflower. Plant Mol Biol Rep 27(3):282–291. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11105-008-0085-9
Vijayalakshmi V, Ramamoorthy K, Natarajan N (2018) Amelioration of aged tomato seeds through nano sized organic particles. J Pharmacogn Phytochem 7:402–406
Vijayalakshmi V, Ramamoorthy K, Natarajan N (2018) TiO2 Nano particles on extending seed vigour and viability of naturally aged maize (Zea mays L.) Seeds. Int J Pharmacogn Phytochem 7(1):2221–2224
Wang L, Li X, Zhang G, Dong J, Eastoe J (2007) Oil-in water nanoemulsions for pesticide formulations. J Colloid Interface Sci 314:230–235. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2007.04.079
Wang T, JiaoY CQ, Yu X (2015) Gold nanoparticles: synthesis and biological applications. Nano Life 5(03):1542007. https://doi.org/10.1142/S1793984415420076
Wawrzyniak MK, Kalemba EM, Ratajczak E, Chmielarz P (2020) Oxidation processes related to seed storage and seedling growth of Malus sylvestris, Prunus avium and Prunus padus. PLoS ONE 15(6):e0234510. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0234510
Xia F, Chen L, Sun Y, Mao P (2015) Relationships between ultrastructure of embryo cells and biochemical variations during ageing of oat (Avena sativa L.) seeds with different moisture content. Acta Physiol Plant 37(4):89–100. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11738-015-1825-8
Xu ML, Zhu YG, Gu KH, Zhu JG, Yin Y, Ji R, Du WC, Guo HY (2019) Transcriptome reveals the rice response to elevated free air CO2 concentration and TiO2 nanoparticles. Environ Sci Technol 53(20):11714–11724. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.9b02182
Yin X, He D, Gupta R, Yang P (2015) Physiological and proteomic analyses on artificially aged Brassica napus seed. Front Plant Sci 6:112. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2015.00112
Younis ME, Abdel-Aziz HMM, Heikal YM (2019) Nanopriming technology enhances vigor and mitotic index of aged Vicia faba seeds using chemically synthesized silver nanoparticles. S Afr J Bot 125:393–401. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2019.08.018
Yugandhar P, Savithramma N (2013) Green synthesis of calcium carbonate nanoparticle and their effect on seed germination and seedling growth of vigna mungo (L.) Hepper. Intl J Adv Res 1(8):89–103
Zheng L, Hong F, Lu S, Liu C (2005) Effect of nano-TiO2 on strength of naturally aged seeds and growth of spinach. Biol Trace Elem Res 104(1):83–91. https://doi.org/10.1385/BTER:104:1:083
Zinsmeister J, Leprince O, Buitink J (2020) Molecular and environmental factors regulating seed longevity. Biochem J 477(2):305–323. https://doi.org/10.1042/BCJ20190165
Acknowledgements
The authors would like to thank Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, for awarding Research Fellowship (No. 1528/Finance-Scholarship/2020, dated 20.05.2020) to Rasleen Kaur. The authors would also like to thank Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur and University Grants Commission, New Delhi, for awarding fellowship to Jipsi Chandra under Research Fellowship (No. 79/8/Fin.Sch/2014, dated 16.04.14) and National Fellowship for students of Other Backward Classes (F./2016-17/NFO-2015-17-OBC-CHH-27902) respectively.
Funding
The authors would like to thank Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, for awarding Research Fellowship (No. 1528/Finance-Scholarship/2020, dated 20.05.2020) to Rasleen Kaur. The authors would also like to thank Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, and University Grants Commission, New Delhi, for awarding fellowship to Jipsi Chandra under Research Fellowship (No. 79/8/Fin.Sch/2014, dated 16.04.14), and National Fellowship for students of Other Backward Classes (F./2016–17/NFO-2015–17-OBC-CHH-27902) respectively.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
S. Keshavkant conceptualized the topic, and finalized the manuscript draft. Rasleen Kaur and Jipsi Chandra gathered information and drafted the manuscript. All the authors read and approved the final manuscript.
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
Authors have no conflict of interest.
Ethics approval
Not Applicable.
Consent to participate
Not Applicable.
Consent for publication
Not Applicable.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Kaur, R., Chandra, J. & Keshavkant, S. Nanotechnology: an efficient approach for rejuvenation of aged seeds. Physiol Mol Biol Plants 27, 399–415 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-021-00942-2
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-021-00942-2