Abstract
Vitamin-A deficiency is a major health concern. Traditional yellow maize possesses low provitamin-A (proA). Mutant crtRB1 gene significantly enhances proA. 24 experimental hybrids possessing crtRB1 allele were evaluated for β-carotene (BC), β-cryptoxanthin (BCX), lutein (LUT), zeaxanthin (ZEA), total carotenoids (TC) and grain yield at multi-locations. BC (0.64–17.24 µg/g), BCX (0.45–6.84 µg/g), proA (0.86–20.46 µg/g), LUT (9.60–31.03 µg/g), ZEA (1.24–12.73 µg/g) and TC (20.60–64.02 µg/g) showed wide variation. No significant genotype × location interaction was observed for carotenoids. The mean BC (8.61 µg/g), BCX (4.04 µg/g) and proA (10.63 µg/g) in crtRB1-based hybrids was significantly higher than normal hybrids lacking crtRB1-favourable allele (BC: 1.73 µg/g, BCX: 1.29 µg/g and proA: 2.37 µg/g). Selected crtRB1-based hybrids possessed 33% BC and 40% BCX compared to 6% BC and 5% BCX in normal hybrids. BC showed positive correlation with BCX (r = 0.90), proA (r = 0.99) and TC (r = 0.64) among crtRB1-based hybrids. Carotenoids didn’t show association with grain yield. Average yield potential of proA rich hybrids (6794 kg/ha) was at par with normal hybrids (6961 kg/ha). PROAH-13, PROAH-21, PROAH-17, PROAH-11, PROAH-23, PROAH-24 and PROAH-3 were the most promising with >12 µg/g proA and >6000 kg/ha grain yield. The newly identified crtRB1-based hybrids assume significance in alleviating malnutrition.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bouis, H.E., Saltzman, A. 2017. Improving nutrition through biofortification: A review of evidence from HarvestPlus, 2003 through 2016. Global Food Secur. 12:49–58.
Chander, S., Guo, Y.Q., Yang, X.H., Zhang, J., Lu, X.Q., Yan, J.B. 2008. Using molecular markers to identify two major loci controlling carotenoid contents in maize grain. Theor. Appl. Genet. 116:223–233.
Choudhary, M., Hossain, F., Muthusamy, V., Thirunavukkarasu, N., Saha, S., Pandey, N., Jha, S.K., Gupta, H.S. 2015. Microsatellite marker-based genetic diversity analyses of novel maize inbreds possessing rare allele of β-carotene hydroxylase (crtRB1) for their utilization in β-carotene enrichment. J. Plant Biochem. Biotech. 25:12–20.
Choudhary, M., Muthusamy, V., Hossain, F., Thirunavukkarasu, N., Pandey, N., Jha, S.K., Gupta, H.S. 2014. Characterization of β-carotene rich MAS-derived maize inbreds possessing rare genetic variation in β-carotene hydroxylase gene. Indian J. Genet. 74:620–623.
Egesel, C.O., Wong, J.C., Lambert, R.J., Rocheford, T.R. 2003. Gene dosage effects on carotenoid concentration in maize grain. Maydica 48:183–190.
Fraser, P.D., Bramley, P.M. 2004. The biosynthesis and nutritional uses of carotenoids. Prog. Lip. Res. 43:228–265.
Global Nutrition Report. 2017. Retrived from website https://doi.org/www.globalnutrition report.org.
Gupta, H.S., Hossain, F., Muthusamy, V. 2015. Biofortification of maize: An Indian perspective. Indian J. Genet. 75:1–22.
Howitt, C.A., Pogson, B.J. 2006. Carotenoid accumulation and function in seeds and non-green tissues. PlantCell Environ. 29:435–445.
IFPRI 2016. Retrived from website, https://doi.org/www.ifpri.org/publication/donor-progress-2016-nutrition-growth-tracking-table
Kurilich, A.C., Juvik, J.A. 1999. Quantification of carotenoid and tocopherol antioxidants in Zea mays. J. Agric. Food Chem. 47:1948–1955.
Menkir, A., Brown, R.L., Bandyopadhyay, R., Cleveland, T.E. 2008. Registration of six tropical maize germplasm lines with resistance to aflatoxin contamination. J. Plant Registrations 2:246–250.
Muthusamy, V., Hossain, F., Nepolean, T., Saha, S., Agrawal, P.K., Guleria, S.K., Gupta, H.S. 2015a. Genetic variability and inter-relationship of kernel carotenoids among indigenous and exotic maize (Zea mays L.) inbreds. Cereal Res. Comm. 43:567–578.
Muthusamy, V., Hossain, F., Thirunavukkarasu, N., Pandey, N., Vishwakarma, A.K., Saha, S., Gupta, H.S. 2015c. Molecular characterization of exotic and indigenous maize inbreds for biofortification with kernel carotenoids. Food Biotechnol. 29:276–295.
Muthusamy, V., Hossain, F., Thirunavukkarasu, N., Choudhary, M., Saha, S., Bhat, J.S., 2014. Development of β-carotene rich maize hybrids through marker-assisted introgression of β-carotene hydroxylase allele. PLoS One 9:1–22.
Muthusamy, V., Hossain, F., Thirunavukkarasu, N., Saha, S., Agrawal, P.K., Gupta, H.S. 2016. Genetic analyses of kernel carotenoids in novel maize genotypes possessing rare allele of β-carotene hydroxylase gene. Cereal Res. Commun. 44:669–680.
Muthusamy, V., Hossain, F., Thirunavukkarasu, N., Saha, S., Gupta, H.S. 2015b. Allelic variations for lycopene-ε-cyclase and β-carotene hydroxylase genes in maize inbreds and their utilization in β-carotene enrichment programme. Cogent Food Agric. 1.
Neeraja, C.N., Babu, V.R., Ram, S., Hossain, F., Hariprasanna, K., Rajpurohit, B.S. 2017. Biofortification in cereals:progress and prospects. Curr. Sci. 113:1050–1057.
Sarika, K., Hossain, F., Muthusamy, V., Zunjare, R.U., Baveja, A., Goswami, R., Bhat, J.S., Saha, S., Gupta, H.S. 2018. Marker-assisted pyramiding of opaque2 and novel opaque16 genes for further enrichment of lysine and tryptophan in sub-tropical maize. Plant Sci. 272:142–152.
Vignesh, M., Nepolean, T., Hossain, F., Singh, A.K., Gupta, H.S. 2013. Sequence variation in 3′UTR region of crtRB1 gene and its effect on β-carotene accumulation in maize kernel. J. Plant Biochem. Biotech. 22:401–408.
Vignesh, M., Hossain, F., Nepolean, T., Supradip, S., Agrawal, P.K., Guleria, S.K. 2012. Genetic variability for kernel β-carotene and utilization of crtRB1 3’TE gene for biofortification in maize (Zea mays L.). Indian J. Genet. 72:189–194.
Wong, J.C., Lambert, R.J., Wurtzel, E.T., Rocheford, T.R. 2004. QTL and candidate genes phytoene synthase and ζ-carotene desaturase associated with the accumulation of carotenoids in maize. Theor. Appl. Genet. 108:349–359.
Yadava, D.K., Choudhury, P.R., Hossain, F., Kumar, D. 2017. Biofortified varieties:sustainable way to alleviate malnutrition. ICAR, New Delhi. pp. 1–32.
Yan, J., Kandianis, C.B., Harjes, C.E., Bai, L., Kim, E.H., Yang, X. 2010. Rare genetic variation at Zea mays crtRB1 increases β-carotene in maize grain. Nat. Genet. 42:322–327.
Zunjare, R.U., Chhabra, R., Hossain, F., Baveja, A., Muthusamy, V., Gupta, H.S. 2018b. Molecular characterization of 5′ UTR of the lycopene epsilon cyclase (lcyE) gene among exotic and indigenous inbreds for its utilization in maize biofortification. 3Biotech 8:75.
Zunjare, R.U., Chhabra, R., Hossain, F., Muthusamy, V., Baveja, A., Gupta, H.S. 2018c. Development and validation of multiplex-PCR assay for simultaneous detection of rare alleles of crtRB1 and lcyE governing higher accumulation of provitamin A in maize kernel. J. Plant Biochem.Biotechnol. 2:208–214.
Zunjare, R.U., Hossain, F., Muthusamy, V., Baveja, A., Chauhan, H.S., Bhat, J.S., Thirunavukkarasu, N., Saha, S., Gupta, H.S. 2018a. Development of biofortified maize hybrids through marker-assisted stacking of β-carotene hydroxylase, lycopene-ε-cyclase and opaque2 genes. Front. Plant Sci. 9:178.
Zunjare, R.U., Hossain, F., Muthusamy, V., Baveja, A., Chauhan, H.S., Thirunavukkarasu, N., Saha, S., Gupta, H.S. 2017. Influence of rare alleles of β-carotene hydroxylase and lycopene epsilon cyclase genes on accumulation of provitamin A carotenoids in maize kernels. Plant Breed. 136:872–880.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Communicated by R.N. Chibbar
Electronic supplementary material
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Goswami, R., Zunjare, R.U., Khan, S. et al. Genetic Variability of Kernel Provitamin-A in Sub-tropically Adapted Maize Hybrids Possessing Rare Allele of β-carotene hydroxylase. CEREAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 47, 205–215 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1556/0806.47.2019.12
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1556/0806.47.2019.12