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Apatite-inducing ability of titanium oxide layer on titanium surface: The effect of surface energy

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Abstract

In the present study, pure titanium (Ti) plates were firstly treated to form various types of oxide layers on the surface and then were immersed into simulated body fluid (SBF) to evaluate the apatite-forming ability. The surface morphology and roughness of the different oxide layers were measured by atomic force microscopy (AFM), and the surface energies were determined based on the Owens–Wendt (OW) methods. It was found that Ti samples after alkali heat (AH) treatment achieved the best apatite formation after soaking in SBF for three weeks, compared with those without treatment, thermal or H2O2 oxidation. Furthermore, contact angle measurement revealed that the oxide layer on the alkali heat treated Ti samples possessed the highest surface energy. The results indicate that the apatite-inducing ability of a titanium oxide layer links to its surface energy. Apatite nucleation is easier on a surface with a higher surface energy.

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Acknowledgments

The authors acknowledge the financial support for this research through the ARC Discovery Project DP0770021 (Australian Research Council). P. Hodgson is also supported by the ARC through a Federation Fellowship.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centre for Material and Fibre Innovation, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3217, Australia

    X.J. Wang, Y.C. Li, J.G. Lin, P.D. Hodgson & C.E. Wen

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  1. X.J. Wang
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  2. Y.C. Li
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  3. J.G. Lin
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  4. P.D. Hodgson
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  5. C.E. Wen
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Correspondence to C.E. Wen.

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Wang, X., Li, Y., Lin, J. et al. Apatite-inducing ability of titanium oxide layer on titanium surface: The effect of surface energy. Journal of Materials Research 23, 1682–1688 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1557/JMR.2008.0195

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1557/JMR.2008.0195

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