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Defects in flash-sintered ceramics and their effects on mechanical properties

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Abstract

The effects of electric field and current during flash sintering have resulted in nonequilibrium microstructures that are not typically observed in conventionally sintered ceramics. In this article, we review the recent findings on the unique microstructural characteristics observed in flash-sintered ceramics and their impacts on mechanical properties. Gradient microstructures across flash-sintered samples are frequently observed and have been investigated using a variety of in situ techniques to monitor the dynamic evolutions in real time. Other microstructural characteristics, such as high-density dislocations and stacking faults, and chemical segregations along grain boundaries, have been reported in flash-sintered ceramics. These defects have been observed in several ceramic systems and were shown to enhance the mechanical properties through defect-mediated inelastic deformation mechanisms. In situ studies on the temperature-dependent transition of deformation mechanisms are also highlighted.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to acknowledge the support from the US Office of Naval Research (Contract Nos. N00014–17–1-2087 and N00014–20–1-2043).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, USA

    Xin Li Phuah, Jaehun Cho, Haiyan Wang & Xinghang Zhang

  2. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, USA

    Thomas Tsakalakos

  3. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Davis, USA

    Amiya K. Mukherjee

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  1. Xin Li Phuah
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  2. Jaehun Cho
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Correspondence to Xin Li Phuah.

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Phuah, X.L., Cho, J., Tsakalakos, T. et al. Defects in flash-sintered ceramics and their effects on mechanical properties. MRS Bulletin 46, 44–51 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1557/s43577-020-00014-y

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