Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

New Genus and Two New Species of Chewing Lice from Southeast Asian Trogons (Aves: Trogoniformes), with a Revised Key to the Philopterus-complex

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Acta Parasitologica Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose

To describe a new genus and two new species of chewing lice from Southeast Asian trogons (Trogoniformes). These lice belong in the Philopterus-complex.

Methods

Slide-mounted lice were examined in a light microscope, illustrated by means of a drawing tube, and described using standard procedures.

Results

The new genus and species were successfully described.

Conclusions

The genus Vinceopterus n. gen. is described from two species of Southeast Asian trogons (Trogoniformes: Harpactes). It presently comprises two species: Vinceopterus erythrocephali n. sp. from three subspecies of the Red-headed Trogon Harpactes erythrocephalus (Gould, 1834), and Vinceopterus mindanensis n. sp. from two subspecies of the Philippine Trogon Harpactes ardens (Temminck, 1826). Vinceopterus belongs to the Philopterus-complex, and thus likely constitutes a genus of head lice. Vinceopterus is the second new genus of chewing lice discovered on Southeast Asian trogons in recent years, the first genus of presumed head lice on trogons worldwide, and the fifth genus of chewing lice known from trogons globally. A translated and revised key to the Philopterus-complex is provided, as well as notes on the various chewing lice genera known from trogons.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Mey, E. 1994a. Über den Mallophagen-Befall bei mongolischen Vögeln im Winter. Ornithologische Jahresberichte des Museum Heineanum, 12, 115–129.

  2. Mey, E. 2004. Zur taxonomie, Verbreitung und parasitophyletischer Evidenz des Philopterus-Komplexes (Insecta, Phthiraptera, Ischnocera). Ornithologischer Anzeiger, 43, 149–203.

  3. Tendeiro, J. 1962 [1963]. Études sur les Mallophages. Observations sur les Ischnocera africains, avec descriptions de 12 espèces et 2 sous-espèces nouvelles. Boletim Cultural da Guiné Portuguesa, 68–69, 669–704.

  4. Nitzsch, C.L. 1818. Die Familien und Gattungen der Thierinsekten (Insecta epizoica); als ein Prodromus einer Naturgeschichte derselben. E.F. Germar’s Magazin der Entomologie, 3, 261–318.

  5. Price, R.D., Hellenthal, R.A., Palma, R.L., Johnson, K.P., Clayton, D.H. 2003. The Chewing lice: world checklist and biological overview. Illinois Natural History Survey Special Publication 24. x + 501 pp.

  6. Gustafsson, D.R., Bush, S.E. 2014. Two new species of Paraphilopterus Mey, 2004 (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera: Philopteridae) from New Guinean bowerbirds (Passeriformes: Ptilonorhynchidae) and satinbirds (Passeriformes: Cnemophilidae). Zootaxa, 3873, 155–164. DOI: 10.11.11646/Zootaxa.3873.2.3.

  7. Najer, T., Sychra, O., Hung, N.M., Capek, M., Podzemny, P., Literak, I. 2012a. New species and new records of chewing lice (Phthiraptera: Amblycera and Ischnocera) from bulbuls (Passeriformes: Pycnonotidae) in Vietnam. Zootaxa, 3357, 37–48.

  8. Najer, T., Sychra, O., Literák, I., Procházka, P., Capek, M., Koubek, P. 2012b. Chewing lice (Phthiraptera) from wild birds in Senegal, with descriptions of three new species of the genera Brueelia and Philopteroides. Acta Parasitologica, 57, 90–98. https://doi.org/10.2478/s11686-012-0005-x.

  9. Najer, T., Gustafsson, D.R., Sychra, O. 2016. Two new species of Philopteroides (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera: Philopteridae) of the beckeri species-group, from New Guinean painted berrypeckers (Aves: Passeriformes: Paramythiidae). Zootaxa, 4139, 527–541. https://doi.org/10.1164/zootaxa.4139.4.5.

  10. Valim, M.P., Palma, R.L. 2013. Three new species of the genus Philopteroides Mey, 2004 (Phthiraptera, Ischnocera, Philopteridae) from New Zealand. ZooKeys, 297, 71–89. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.297.5118.

  11. Gustafsson, D.R., Bush, S.E. 2017. Morphological revision of the hyperdiverse Brueelia-complex (Insecta: Phthiraptera: Ischnocera: Philopteridae) with new taxa, checklists and generic key. Zootaxa, 4313, 1–443. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4313.1.1.

  12. Eichler, W. 1940. Notulae Mallophagologicae. IV. Neue Gattungen und höhere Einheiten von Kletterfederlingen. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 130, 97–103.

  13. Clay, T. 1951a. An introduction to the avian Ischnocera (Mallophaga): Part I. The Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London, 102, 171–194. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2311.1951.tb00746.x.

  14. Mey, E. 1994b. Beziehungen zwischen Larvenmorphologie und Systematik der Adulti bei den Vogel-Ischnozeren (Insecta, Phthiraptera, Ischnocera). Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum in Berlin, 70, 3–84. https://doi.org/10.1002/mmnz.19940700102.

  15. Valim, M.P., Silveira, L.F. 2014. A new species and five new records of chewing lice (Insecta: Phthiraptera: Ischnocera) from an isolated population of the solitary tinamou Tinamus solitarius (Aves: Tinamiformes). Zootaxa, 3838, 127–142. https://doi.org/10.1146/zootaxa.3838.1.8.

  16. Soler Cruz, M.D., Martín Mateo, M.P. 2009. Scanning electron microscopy of legs of two species of sucking lice (Anoplura: Phthiraptera). Micron, 40, 401–408. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micron.2008.20.001.

  17. Clements, J.F., Schulenberg, T.S., Iliff, M.J., Roberson, D., Fredericks, T.A., Sullivan, B.L.,Wood, C.L. 2018. The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: v2018. Available from: http://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download/ (Accessed 29 Oct. 2018).

  18. Haeckel, E. 1896. Systematische Phylogenie. 2. Theil. Systematische Phylogenie der wirbellose Thiere (Invertebrata). Verlag von Georg Reiner, Berlin. 720 pp. https://doi.org/10.1514/97831111443935.

  19. Kellogg, V.L. 1896a. New Mallophaga, I, – with special reference to a collection made from maritime birds of the Bay of Monterey, California. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences (Series 2), 6, 31–168, 14 plates.

  20. Burmeister, H. 1838. Mallophaga. In: Handbuch der Entomologie, 2, 418–443. Enslin, Berlin.

  21. Eichler, W. 1951. Laboulbeniales bei Mallophagen und Läusen. Feddes Repertorium, 54, 185–206.

  22. Denny, H. 1842. Monographia anoplurorum Britanniae. Henry G. Bohn, London. xxvi + 262 pp.

  23. Kellogg, V.L. 1896b. New Mallophaga, II, – from land birds; together with an account of the mallophagous mouth-parts. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences (Series 2), 431–548.

  24. Krishna Rao, N.S.K., Khuddus, C.A., Channabasnavanna, G.P. 1975. Mouth parts of Mallophaga. Mysore Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 9, 670–688.

  25. Qadri, M.A.H. 1936. Studies on the mouth-parts of Mallophaga infesting North-Indian birds. Proceedings of the Indian Academy of Sciences, 3, 411–423.

  26. Snodgrass, R.E. 1899. The anatomy of Mallophaga. Occasional Papers of the Californis Academy of Sciences, 6, 145–224.

  27. Rheinwald, G. 2007. The position of Trochiliphagus Carriker within the Ricinidae (Insecta: Phthiraptera). Bonner zoologische Beiträge, 55, 37–46.

  28. Carriker, M.A., Jr. 1963. New and little known Mallophaga from Venezuelan birds (Part II). Memoria de la Sociedad de Ciencias Naturales La Salle, 64, 5–42.

  29. Moyle, R.G. 2005. Phylogeny and biogeographical history of Trogoniformes, a pantropical bird order. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 84, 725–738. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8312.2005.00435.x.

  30. Kristoffersen, A.V. 2002. An early Paleogene trogon (Aves: Trogoniformes) from the Fur Formation, Denmark. Journal of Vertebrate Palaeontology, 22, 661–666. https://doi.org/10.1671/0272-4634(2001)022%5b0661:aeptat%5d2.0.co;2.

  31. Mayr, G. 2005. New trogons from the early Tertiary of Germany. Ibis, 147, 512–518. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1474-919x.2005.00421.x.

  32. Mayr, G. 2009. A well-reserved second trogon skeleton (Aves, Trogonidae) from the middle Eocene of Messel, Germany. Palaeobiology and Palaeoenvironments, 89, 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12549-009-0001-9.

  33. Prum, R.O., Berv, J.S., Dornburg, A., Field, D.J., Townsend, J.P., Moriarty Lemmon, E., Lemmon, A.R. 2015. A comprehensive phylogeny of birds (Aves) using targeted next-generation DNA sequencing. Nature, 526, 569–573. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature15697.

  34. Espinosa de los Monteros, A. 1998. Phylogenetic relationships among the trogons. The Auk, 115, 937–954. https://doi.org/10.2307/4089512.

  35. Johansson, U.S., Ericson, P.G.P. 2004. A re-evaulation of basal phylogenetic relationships within trogons (Aves: Trogonidae) based on nuclear DNA sequences. Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research, 43, 166–173. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0469.2004.00292.x.

  36. Clay, T. 1951b. The Mallophaga as an aid to the classification of birds with special reference to the structure of feathers. Proceedings of the Xth International Ornithological Congress, Uppsala June 1950, 207–215.

  37. Reed, D.L., Smith, V.S., Rogers, A.R., Hammond, S.L., Clayton, D.H. 2004. Molecular genetic analysis of human lice supports direct contact between modern and archaic humans. PLoS Biology, 2, 1972–1983. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.0020340.

  38. Smith, V.S., Ford, T., Johnson, K.P., Johnson, P.C., Yoshizawa, K., Light, J.E. 2011. Multiple lineages of lice pass through the K–Pg boundary. Biology Letters, 7, 782–785. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2011.0105.

  39. Weiss, R.A. 2009, Apes, lice and prehistory. Journal of Biology, 8, 20. https://doi.org/10.1186/jbiol114.

  40. Johnson, K.P., Weckstein, J.D., Witt, C.C., Faucett, R.C., Moyle, R.G. 2002. The perils of using host relationships in parasite taxonomy: phylogeny of the Degeeriella complex. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 23, 150–157. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1055-7903(02)00014-3.

  41. Clayton, D.H., Bush, S.E., Johnson, K.P. 2016. Coevolution of life on hosts. Integrating ecology and history. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago. xiv + 294 pp.

  42. Tendeiro, J. 1960. Études sur les Mallophages africains. Junta de Investigações Cientificas do Ultramar. Estudios, Ensaios e Documentos (Portugal), 65, 1–234.

  43. Eichler, W. 1949. Phthirapterorum nova genera. Bolletina di Societas Entomologica di Italia, 79, 11–13.

  44. Eichler, W. 1944. Notulae mallophagologicae. XI. Acht neue Gattungen der Nirmi und Docophori. Stettiner Entomologische Zeitung, 105, 80–82.

  45. Hosner, P.A., Sheldon, F.H., Lim, H.C., Moyle, R.G. 2010. Phylogeny and biogeography of the Asian trogons (Aves: Trogoniformes) inferred from nuclear and mitochondrial DNA sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 57, 1219–1225. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2010.09.008.

  46. Valim, M.P., Weckstein, J.D. 2011. Two new species of Brueelia Kéler, 1936 (Ischnocera, Philopteridae) parasitic on Neotropical trogons (Aves, Trogoniformes). ZooKeys, 128, 1–13. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.128.1583.

  47. Bush, S.E., Weckstein, J.D., Gustafsson, D.R., Allen, J., DiBlasi, E., Shreve, S.M., Boldt, R., Skeen, R.H., Johnson, K.P. 2016. Unlocking the black box of feather louse diversity: A molecular phylogeny of the hyper-diverse genus Brueelia. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 94, 737–751. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2015.09.015.

  48. Mey, E. 2017. Neue Gattungen und Arten aus dem Brueelia-Komplex (Insecta, Phthiraptera, Ischnocera, Philopteridae s. lat.). Rudolstädter naturhistorische Schriften, 22, 85–215.

  49. Clay, T. 1958. Revisions of Mallophaga genera. Degeeriella from the Falconiformes. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), 7, 121–207.

  50. Catanach, T.A., Johnson, K.P. 2015. Independent origins of the feather lice (Insecta: Degeeriella) of raptors. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 114, 837–847. https://doi.org/10.1111/bij.12453.

  51. Neumann, L.G. 1906. Notes sur les Mallophages. I. Nomenclature. Bulletin de la Société Zoologique de France, 31, 54–60.

  52. Weckstein, J.D. 2004. Biogeography explains cophylogenetic patterns in toucan chewing lice. Systematic Biology, 53, 154–164. https://doi.org/10.1080/10635150490265085.

  53. Cicchino, A.C. 1983. Especies nuevas o poco conocidas del genero Brueelia Keler, 1936 (Mallophaga: Philopteridae) parasitas de Passeriformes, Piciformes y Trogoniformes (Aves) Americanos. Revista de Societas Entomologicas de Argentina, 42, 283–303.

  54. Conci, C. 1941. Nuovi generi de Mallofagi (nota preliminare). Bollettino della Societá Entomologica Italiana, 73, 126–127.

  55. Valim, M.P., Palma, R.L. 2015. A new genus and two new species of feather lice (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera: Philopteridae) from New Zealand endemic passerines (Aves: Passeriformes). Zootaxa, 3926, 480–498. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3926.4.2.

  56. Uchida, S. 1948. Studies on the biting-lice (Mallophaga) of Japan and adjacent territories (Suborder Ischnocera Pt. 1). Japanese Medical Journal, 1, 303–326.

Download references

Acknowledgements

Work was supported by the Introduction of Full-time High-level Talent Fund of the Guangdong Academy of Sciences grant 2018GDASCX-0809 to DRG, and the Guangdong Forestry Special Project Grant 0877-16GZTP01D060 and National Natural Science Foundation of China grant 31672265 to FZ. We thank two anonymous reviewers who provided valuable comments on an earlier draft of this manuscript.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Guangdong Institute of Applied Biological Resources, 105 Xingang West Road, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, 510260, China

    Daniel R. Gustafsson, Lujia Lei, Xingzhi Chu & Fasheng Zou

  2. School of Biological Sciences, University of Utah, 257 S. 1400 E, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA

    Sarah E. Bush

Authors
  1. Daniel R. Gustafsson
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Lujia Lei
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Xingzhi Chu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Fasheng Zou
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Sarah E. Bush
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Daniel R. Gustafsson.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Gustafsson, D.R., Lei, L., Chu, X. et al. New Genus and Two New Species of Chewing Lice from Southeast Asian Trogons (Aves: Trogoniformes), with a Revised Key to the Philopterus-complex. Acta Parasit. 64, 86–102 (2019). https://doi.org/10.2478/s11686-018-00011-x

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/s11686-018-00011-x

Keywords

Search

Navigation