Abstract
Besides physiologic investigations and radiology imaging, diagnosis of fecal incontinence requires accurate clinical assessment. By means of a structured scheme, clinical assessment aims to evaluate the whole picture: whether the patient is really incontinent, the etiology of the incontinence, and the nature and severity of the problem. Nevertheless, we must keep in mind that when treating an individual patient, these data may not be enough to define the pathophysiology of the symptom and, therefore, we need the investigations we mentioned initially.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Leigh RJ, Turnberg LA (1982) Faecal incontinence: the unvoiced symptom. Lancet 1(8285): 1349–1351
Hill J, Corson RJ, Brandon H et al (1994) History and examination in the assessment of patients with idiopathic fecal incontinence. Dis Colon Rectum 37:473–477
Hardcastle JD, Porter NH (1969) Anal continence. In: Morson BC, ed. Diseases of the colon, rectum and anus. Appleton-Century-Crofts New York, p 251
Eckhardt VF, Kanzler G (1993) How reliable is digital examination for the evaluation of anal sphincter tone? Int J Colorectal Dis 8:95–97
Smith RG, Lewis S (1990) The relationship between digital rectal examination and abdominal radiographs in elderly patients. Age Ageing 19:142–143
Norton NJ (2004) The perspective of the patient. Gastroenterology 126:S175–S179
Rao SSC (2004) Diagnosis and management of fecal incontinence. Practice guidelines. Am J Gastroenterol 99:1585–1604
Browning G, Parks A (1983) Postanal repair for neuropathic faecal incontinence: correlation of clinical results and anal canal pressures. Br J Surg 70:101–104
Rockwood TH, Church JM, Fleshman JW et al (1999) Patient and surgeon ranking of the severity of symptoms associated with fecal incontinence. The Fecal Incontinence Severity Index. Dis Colon Rectum 42:1525–1532
Bravo A, Madoff RD, Lovry AC et al (2004) Long-term results of anterior sphincteroplasty. Dis Colon Rectum 47:727–732
Jorge JMN, Wexner SD (1993) Etiology and management of fecal incontinence. Dis Colon Rectum 36:77–97
Pescatori M, Anastasio G, BotÃni C et al (1992) New grading system and scoring for anal incontinence. Evaluation of 335 patients. Dis Colon Rectum 35:482–487
Vaizey CJ, Carapeti E, Cahill JA, Kamm MA (1999) Prospective comparison of faecal incontinence grading systems. Gut 44:77–80
Stone AA, Shiffman S, Schwartz JE et al (2002) Patient non-compliance with paper diaries. BMJ 324:1193–1194
Dobben AC, Terra MP, Deutekom M et al (2005) Diagnostic work-up for faecal incontinence in daily clinical practice in the Netherlands. Neth J Med 63:265–269
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2007 Springer-Verlag Italia
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Ortiz, H., De Miguel, M., Ciga, M.A. (2007). Clinical Assessment of the Incontinent Patient. In: Ratto, C., Doglietto, G.B., Lowry, A.C., PÃ¥hlman, L., Romano, G. (eds) Fecal Incontinence. Springer, Milano. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-0638-6_8
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-0638-6_8
Publisher Name: Springer, Milano
Print ISBN: 978-88-470-0637-9
Online ISBN: 978-88-470-0638-6
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)