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Morphological, physiological, cytological and phytochemical studies in diploid and colchicine-induced tetraploid plants of Echinacea purpurea (L.)

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Abstract

Echinacea purpurea (L.) is one of the important medicinal plant species. To obtain the tetraploid plants of Echinacea purpurea with improved medicinal qualities, the root tips of two true leaves seedlings were imbibed in 0.25 % (w/v) colchicine solution for 24, 48, 72, 96 and 168 h. The ploidy level of plants was determined by chromosome counting of root tip cells, and confirmed by flow cytometric analysis. Tetraploid induction occurred in seedlings treated for 24, 48 and 72 h at colchicine solution. The morphological, physiological, cytological, and phytochemical characteristics of diploid and colchicine-induced tetraploid plants were compared. Results indicated that tetraploid plants had considerable larger stomata, pollen grain, seed and flower. Moreover, chloroplast number in guard cells, amount of chlorophyll (a, b, and a + b), carotenoids as well as width and thickness of leaves were increased in tetraploids. However, stomata frequency, leaf index, plant height, and quantum efficiency of photosystem II in tetraploid were lower than diploid plants. High-performance liquid chromatography analysis showed that leaves of the tetraploid plants had more cichoric acid (45 %) and chlorogenic acid (71 %) than diploid plants. It was concluded that morphological and physiological characteristics can be used as useful parameters for preliminary screening of putative tetraploids in this species.

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Abbreviations

CADs:

Caffeic acid derivatives

DAPI:

4′,6-Diamidino-2-phenylindole

DW:

Dry weight

FCM:

Flow cytometry

HPLC:

High-performance liquid chromatography

MS:

Murashige and Skoog

SE:

Standard error

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, University of Tarbiat Modares, P.O. Box 14115-336, Tehran, Iran

    Mohammad Abdoli & Ahmad Moieni

  2. Cultivation and Development Department of Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran

    Hassanali Naghdi Badi

Authors
  1. Mohammad Abdoli
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  2. Ahmad Moieni
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  3. Hassanali Naghdi Badi
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Correspondence to Ahmad Moieni.

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Communicated by B. Zheng.

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Abdoli, M., Moieni, A. & Naghdi Badi, H. Morphological, physiological, cytological and phytochemical studies in diploid and colchicine-induced tetraploid plants of Echinacea purpurea (L.). Acta Physiol Plant 35, 2075–2083 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11738-013-1242-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11738-013-1242-9

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