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Vitellogenin-like gene expression in freshwater amphipod Gammarus fossarum (Koch, 1835): functional characterization in females and potential for use as an endocrine disruption biomarker in males

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Abstract

The induction of vitellogenin (Vtg) synthesis is widely accepted as a biomarker of estrogenic exposure in male and juvenile fish. Vtg synthesis has emerged as an interesting endpoint to assess endocrine disruptor (ED) effects in crustaceans. However, studies reporting induction of Vtg in male crustaceans are lacking. This study investigated the expression of the Vtg gene in a freshwater amphipod, Gammarus fossarum, using calibrated real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (real-time RT PCR). First, we described the basal pattern of expression in healthy male and female organisms at different reproductive moult stages, in order to validate the function of this gene. Females expressed from 200 to 700 times more Vtg transcripts than males, depending on the female reproductive stage. Females displayed significant elevation of Vtg mRNA levels at the end of the inter-moult phase and at the beginning of the pre-moult phase. Second, male gammarids were exposed to the estrogenic compound nonylphenol (NP) (0.05, 0.5, 5 and 50 μg L−1) and to the anti-androgen cyproterone (1, 10, 100 and 1000 μg L−1) for 2, 4, 8 and 16 days. Both chemicals altered the pattern of interindividual variability of Vtg gene expression in males with strong induction in some individuals. Finally, the impact of urban wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) on male Vtg gene expression was assessed in organisms transplanted in the field during in situ bioassay campaigns in three different watersheds. Induction of the Vtg mRNA level was observed in males transplanted downstream from WWTP effluent discharge in two of the three study sites.

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Acknowledgments

The authors wish to thank the French National Research Programs PNRPE (Convention n°CV05000088 and Convention n°0006942), ECCO (Convention n°06CV050) and ECOGER (Convention no. 20-2006), the Rhône-Méditerranée-Corse water agency, the Cluster Environnement Région Rhône-Alpes and the GIS Environalp for partial financial support. B. George and C. Moulin are acknowledged for their technical assistance. The authors also wish to thank the anonymous reviewers for providing very helpful comments on the manuscript.

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  1. Cemagref, UR MALY, 3 bis quai Chauveau, CP 220, 69336, Lyon, France

    Benoît Xuereb, Arnaud Chaumot, Renaud Tutundjian, Jeanne Garric & Olivier Geffard

  2. Laboratoire de physiologie intégrative cellulaire et moléculaire, UMR 5123, Université de Lyon I, 69622, Villeurbanne, France

    Laurent Bezin

  3. Laboratoire de Physico- et Toxico-Chimie de l’environnement, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, UMR 5255, Université Bordeaux 1 - CNRS, 33405, Talence Cedex, France

    Hélène Budzinski & Sylvie Augagneur

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Xuereb, B., Bezin, L., Chaumot, A. et al. Vitellogenin-like gene expression in freshwater amphipod Gammarus fossarum (Koch, 1835): functional characterization in females and potential for use as an endocrine disruption biomarker in males. Ecotoxicology 20, 1286–1299 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-011-0685-2

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