Abstract
The Crenicichla mandelburgeri species complex from the Middle Paraná shows parallel evolution of ecomorphs to the unrelated C. missioneira species complex from the Uruguay River. In this article, we describe a new species from the C. mandelburgeri species complex that has evolved a parallel morphology and ecology to an unrelated species from the C. missioneira species complex (C. celidochilus). The new species is a pelagic predator that feeds predominantly on fishes and together with C. celidochilus is the only known pelagic species in the large riverine genus Crenicichla. The new species is endemic solely to a small tributary (the Urugua-í) of the Middle Paraná River where it is sympatric and partly syntopic with two other closely related endemic species that, however, differ strongly in their ecomorphologies (one is a generalistic invertivore and the other a specialized molluscivore). Mitochondrial DNA phylogeny finds the new species nested within the widespread C. mandelburgeri. Reduced genome-representation ddRAD analyses, however, demonstrate that this new species is of a hybrid origin and shares ancestry with C. ypo, one of the two studied sympatric species.
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Acknowledgements
The authors thank Soledad Gouric for the pictures of the LPJ and the authorities of Ministerio de Ecología y Recursos Naturales Renovables de la Provincia de Misiones for awarding fishing permits. We are very grateful to Vladimír Beneš, Bianka Baying, and the EMBL Genomic Core Facility in Heidelberg (Germany) for their kind advice and technical support during the DNA library finalization and Illumina sequencing. Financial support was provided by the Czech Science Foundation (GAČR) under Grant Number 14-28518P to LP; by Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la provincia de Buenos Aires (CIC); Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo (UNLP); and Administración de Parques Nacionales. The access to computing and storage facilities owned by parties and projects contributing to the National Grid Infrastructure MetaCentrum provided under the program “Projects of Large Infrastructure for Research, Development, and Innovations” (LM2010005) was highly appreciated, as well as the access to the CERIT-SC computing and storage facilities provided under the program Center CERIT Scientific Cloud, part of the Operational Program Research and Development for Innovations, Reg. No. CZ. 1.05/3.2.00/08.0144.
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Guest editors: S. Koblmüller, R. C. Albertson, M. J. Genner, K. M. Sefc & T. Takahashi / Advances in Cichlid Research III: Behavior, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology
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Fig. S1.
Localities of C. yjhui. A) type locality, Urugua-í reservoir at camping, Misiones, Argentina (25°52′29.1″S–54°33′02.2″W). B) paratype locality, Urugua-í reservoir opposite Policia Fluvial Station (25°54′02.2″S, 54°33′18.6″W); C) paratype locality, arroyo Falso Urugua-í (25°58′26″S, 54°15′29″W). Supplementary material 1 (JPEG 2549 kb)
Table S1.
Specimens included in the study. Supplementary material 2 (XLSX 38 kb)
Table S2.
Summary of SVDQ analyses under different parameter settings with focus on relationships of C. yjhui. We have analyzed matrices with 50% and 70% SNPs, with Stacks depth of 3 and 8, and with inclusion of homozygotic, homozygotic + heterozygotic, 1st only SNP homozygotic + heterozygotic and all. The placement of sister-species relationship either with C. mandelburgeri or C. ypo is randomly distributed across the matrices. Note that in all cases support for placement with the respective species (either with C. mandelburgeri or C. ypo) is 100% in bootstrap analyses. Supplementary material 3 (XLS 15 kb)
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Piálek, L., Casciotta, J., Almirón, A. et al. A new pelagic predatory pike cichlid (Teleostei: Cichlidae: Crenicichla) from the C. mandelburgeri species complex with parallel and reticulate evolution. Hydrobiologia 832, 377–395 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-018-3754-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-018-3754-1